National Identity
- Official name
- Hungary
- Official name (in Hungarian)
- Magyarország
- Name etymology
the Byzantine Greeks referred to the tribes that arrived on the steppes of Eastern Europe in the 9th century as the "Oungroi," a name that later became "Hungari," which originally meant an "[alliance of] ten tribes;" the Hungarian name Magyarorszag means "Country of the Magyars," which may be derived from the name of the most prominent of the Hungarian tribes
Sources:- Article A) - The Fundamental Law of Hungary ↗ - National Legislation Database
- The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- Coat of arms
- National flag
Translated from MKIFK Hungarian Gazette Publisher and Judicial Translation Centre Ltd. The flag of Hungary consists of three horizontal stripes of equal width, coloured, in order from the top, red, white and green,
Unofficial translation by WorldometerTranslated from MKIFK Hungarian Gazette Publisher and Judicial Translation Centre Ltd. in which the red colour is the symbol of strength, the white colour of fidelity, and the green colour of hope.
Unofficial translation by WorldometerTranslated from the National Széchényi Library of Hungary In the Vienna Illuminated Chronicle, in several places the Hungarian army fights under a red flag on which the image of a black sparrowhawk (turul) bird can be seen. But also in the Illuminated Chronicle, in one place a red-and-white striped flag appears. [...] On a charter of Andrew II dated 1222, the seal hangs on a red-white-green silk cord. [...] Thus red-white-green figured as the colours of Hungary. [...] That the colours of the Hungarian flag match the colours of the coat of arms is a sign that they were taken from the latter,
Unofficial translation by WorldometerTranslated from the National Széchényi Library of Hungary During the reign of Maria Theresa, the red-white-green colour combination already appears officially as well. [...] The influence of the French tricolour also played a role in the thinking of the Hungarian Reform Era, so it is no coincidence that Section 1 of Act XXI of 1848, cited in the quotation, came into being*,* which practically created the flag that, apart from two periods of autocratic rule (the Habsburg autocracy following the suppression of the War of Independence from 1849 to 1867, and the Hungarian Soviet Republic of 1919), forms to this day the basis of the official flag of the Hungarian state of any given time. By its basis I mean that during the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and then – apart from the interlude caused by the Hungarian Soviet Republic – right up to 1956, until the revolutionary flag with a hole, stripped of the so-called Rákosi coat of arms, the coat of arms of the Hungarian state of the time featured in the flag. Following the revolutionary flag with a hole, the red-white-green Hungarian state flag without a coat of arms comes into use.
Unofficial translation by WorldometerSources:- njt.jog.gov.hu ↗ - MKIFK Hungarian Gazette Publisher and Judicial Translation Centre Ltd.
- nemzetikonyvtar.blog.hu ↗ - the National Széchényi Library of Hungary
- National anthem
- Himnusz1:41
- Title (in Hungarian)
- Himnusz
- Title (in English, translated)
- Hymn
- Unofficial title (in Hungarian)
- Isten, áldd meg a magyart
- Unofficial title (in English, translated)
- God, Bless the Hungarians
- Lyrics
1Isten, áldd meg a magyart Jó kedvvel, bőséggel, Nyújts feléje védő kart, Ha küzd ellenséggel; Bal sors akit régen tép, Hozz rá víg esztendőt, Megbűnhődte már e nép A múltat s jövendőt!
2Őseinket felhozád Kárpát szent bércére, Általad nyert szép hazát Bendegúznak vére. S merre zúgnak habjai Tiszának, Dunának, Árpád hős magzatjai Felvirágozának.
3Értünk Kunság mezein Ért kalászt lengettél, Tokaj szőlővesszein Nektárt csepegtettél. Zászlónk gyakran plántálád Vad török sáncára, S nyögte Mátyás bús hadát Bécsnek büszke vára.
4Hajh, de bűneink miatt Gyúlt harag kebledben, S elsújtád villámidat Dörgő fellegedben, Most rabló mongol nyilát Zúgattad felettünk, Majd töröktől rabigát Vállainkra vettünk.
5Hányszor zengett ajkain Ozman vad népének Vert hadunk csonthalmain Győzedelmi ének! Hányszor támadt tenfiad Szép hazám, kebledre, S lettél magzatod miatt Magzatod hamvvedre!
6Bújt az üldözött, s felé Kard nyúlt barlangjában, Szerte nézett s nem lelé Honját e hazában, Bércre hág és völgybe száll, Bú s kétség mellette, Vérözön lábainál, S lángtenger fölette.
7Vár állott, most kőhalom, Kedv s öröm röpkedtek, Halálhörgés, siralom Zajlik már helyettek. S ah, szabadság nem virul A holtnak véréből, Kínzó rabság könnye hull Árvánk hő szeméből!
8Szánd meg Isten a magyart Kit vészek hányának, Nyújts feléje védő kart Tengerén kínjának. Bal sors akit régen tép, Hozz rá víg esztendőt, Megbűnhődte már e nép A múltat s jövendőt!
Source: - Citizens
- Hungarians
- Official name:Article A) - The Fundamental Law of Hungary ↗ - National Legislation Database
- Official name, Citizens:The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- National flag:njt.jog.gov.hu ↗ - MKIFK Hungarian Gazette Publisher and Judicial Translation Centre Ltd.
- National flag:nemzetikonyvtar.blog.hu ↗ - the National Széchényi Library of Hungary
- National anthem:nationalanthems.info ↗
Geography
- Location
- Central Europe, northwest of Romania
- Total area
- 93,028 km²
- Land area
- 89,608 km²
- Water area
- 3,420 km²
- Land borders
- 2,106 km(7 countries)
- Coastline
- 0 km(Landlocked)
- Terrain
Mostly flat to rolling plains; hills and low mountains on the Slovakian border - Mean elevation
- 143 m
- Highest point
- 1,014 mKekes
- Lowest point
- 78 mTisza River
- Climate
Temperate cold, cloudy, humid winters; warm summers - Avg. temperature
- 11.4 °C
- Avg. daily range
- 6.9 to 15.8 °C
- Annual precipitation
- 699 mm
Temperature °CMeanDaily rangePrecipitation mmMonthly climate normals Month Avg. high, °C Mean, °C Avg. low, °C Precipitation, mm January 2.7 −0.1 −2.7 40 February 5.4 1.7 −1.8 43 March 10.9 6.3 1.8 46 April 17.2 12 6.6 52 May 21.8 16.7 11.1 73 June 25.5 20.4 14.8 78 July 27.5 22.1 16.3 75 August 27.6 21.8 16.1 64 September 22 16.7 11.7 65 October 16.1 11.3 7 57 November 9.3 5.9 2.9 55 December 3.3 0.9 −1.6 52 Country-wide averages over 1991–2020.
Sources:- The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Weather
- Loading
- Land use2023
- Arable45.4%Perm. crops1.6%Pasture8.6%Forest22.7%Other20.9%
- Arable land
- 4,144,147 hectares (45.4%)
- Permanent crops
- 149,967 hectares (1.6%)
- Permanent meadows & pastures
- 788,932 hectares (8.6%)
- Forest
- 2,075,222 hectares (22.7%)
- Other land
- 1,908,169 hectares (20.9%)
Source: - Major lakes
- Lake Balaton590 km²
- Natural hazards2026
- River floods7.3Very high#35/191Epidemics4.0Medium#126/191Drought3.0Low#99/191Earthquakes1.8Very low#113/191Tsunamis0.0Very lowTropical cyclones0.0Very lowCoastal floods0.0Very low
Scores out of 10, ranks out of 191 countries.
Source:- INFORM Risk Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
- Location, Land borders, Coastline, Terrain, Mean elevation, Highest point, Lowest point, Climate, Major rivers, Major lakes:The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- Climate:Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Land use:FAOSTAT Land Use domain ↗ - FAO
- Natural hazards:INFORM Risk Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
Demographics
- Population change2026
- −0.48% per year−46,469 people/yearWorld Rank204thof 237
- Birth rate
- 8.7 per 1,000 population
- Death rate
- 13.4 per 1,000 population
- Net migration rate
- +1.4 per 1,000 population
- 2026
- 44.2 yearsWorld Rank30thof 237
- Age structure2026
- 0-14 years14.3%15-64 years64.4%65 years +21.3%
- Share aged 65 and over
- 21.3%
- Share aged under 18
- 17.3%
- Total dependency ratio
- 55
- Youth dependency ratio
- 22
- Elderly dependency ratio
- 33
- Sex ratio
- 0.93 male / female
MaleAgeFemalePopulation by age group, % of total population Age Male Female 80+ 1.6% 3.5% 70-79 4.1% 6.4% 60-69 5.1% 6.2% 50-59 7.6% 7.7% 40-49 7.4% 7.2% 30-39 6.7% 6.2% 20-29 5.6% 5.2% 10-19 5.1% 4.9% 0-9 4.9% 4.6% - 2026
- 0.60 below the replacement level for Hungary ()1.50 births per womanreplacement 2.10123World Rank169thof 237
- 0.72 daughters per woman0.28 below replacement, long-run each generation smaller than the lastreplacement 1.000.511.5
- 2026
- −4.7 per 1,000 populationfor every 1,000 people, 4.7 more deaths than births a year
- 2026
- +1.4 per 1,000 population
- Urbanization2026
- 70.9% live in cities6,796,339 urban residents
- Largest cities2025
- Budapest, Debrecen, Szeged, MiskolcRankCity or TownPopulation (2025 estimate)1Budapest1,685,2092Debrecen202,1303Szeged157,2824Miskolc141,4405Pécs139,4126Győr129,3737Nyíregyháza114,8738Kecskemét108,6519Székesfehérvár95,24110Szombathely76,918Source:
- Hungarian Central Statistical Office (2025 estimate), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution
- A fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations.
- Ethnic groups2022
- Respondents could pick more than one ethnic group, so shares sum past 100%.Hungarian84.3%Romani2.1%German1.0%Other1.2%Unspecified13.7%
Roma are usually underestimated in official statistics and may represent 5-10% of Hungary's population.
Source:- The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- Religions2022
- Catholic30.1%Calvinist9.8%Lutheran1.8%Other Christian1.6%Other0.4%None16.1%Unspecified40.1%
- Catholic
- 30.1%
- Roman Catholic
- 27.5%
- Greek Catholic
- 1.7%
- Other Catholic
- 0.9%
Other Christian includes Orthodox.
Source:- The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- Languages
- Hungarian (Magyar)
- Population, Population change, Median age, Age structure, Total fertility rate, Net reproduction rate, Natural change, Net migration rate:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Urbanization:UN World Urbanization Prospects ↗
- Largest cities:Hungarian Central Statistical Office (2025 estimate), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution, Ethnic groups, Religions:The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
Government & Administration
- Form of state
- RepublicThe Fundamental Law states that Hungary's form of state is a republic; the President is elected by the National Assembly by secret ballot, the election being called by the Speaker (Arts. B, 11).Source:
- System of government
- ParliamentaryThe National Assembly elects the Prime Minister on the President's proposal by more than half its members and can replace him only by a no-confidence motion naming a successor; the President may dissolve it on just two deadlock grounds (Arts. 3, 16, 21).Source:
- Territorial organisation
- Unitary
- Official websites
- Government (in Hungarian)
- President
- Parliament (in Hungarian)
- Capital
- Budapest1.7 million people(2024)
- National holidays
- 16 days in 2026
- ThuJan 1New Year's Day
- FriJan 2Day off (substituted from 01/10/2026)
- SunMar 15National Day
- FriApr 3Good Friday
- SunApr 5Easter
- MonApr 6Easter Monday
- FriMay 1Labor Day
- SunMay 24Pentecost
- MonMay 25Pentecost Monday
- ThuAug 20State Foundation Day
- FriAug 21Day off (substituted from 08/08/2026)
- FriOct 23National Day
- SunNov 1All Saints' Day
- ThuDec 24Day off (substituted from 12/12/2026)
- FriDec 25Christmas Day
- SatDec 26Second Day of Christmas
Nationwide public holidays only, excluding regional, bank and government-only days.
- Time
- Currency
- Hungarian Forint (HUF)
- Entry requirements
- Official visa and entry information (in Hungarian)
- Calling code
- +36
- Internet TLD
- .hu
- ISO 3166-1 codes
- HU, HUN
- Infrastructure
- Passengers carried
- 55,613,579 by the country's airlines(2023)
- Heliports
- 15
- Aircraft departures
- 298,017 by the country's airlines(2023)
- Air freight
- 145.1 million tonne-km(2023)
- Aircraft registration prefix
- HA
Sources:- The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Passenger rail
- MÁV-START (MÁV Group)
- 2025
- 40 / 100World Rank84thof 182
Significant declinerDown 15 points since 2012, when it scored 55.
Confidence intervalCorruption index score by year Year Score Lower bound Upper bound 2012 55 49 61 2013 54 48 60 2014 54 48 60 2015 51 45 57 2016 48 43 53 2017 45 40 50 2018 46 41 51 2019 44 39.8 48.2 2020 44 41.9 46.1 2021 43 40.9 45.1 2022 42 39.6 44.4 2023 42 39.9 44.1 2024 41 39.5 42.5 2025 40 38.6 41.4 Source:- Corruption Perceptions Index 2025 ↗ - Transparency International, CC BY 4.0
- Form of state, System of government, Territorial organisation:Magyarország Alaptörvénye (2011. április 25.), consolidated text in force ↗ - National Legislation Database of Hungary (Nemzeti Jogszabálytár)
- National holidays:Open World Holidays Framework (vacanza/holidays) ↗
- Infrastructure:The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- Infrastructure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Corruption Perceptions Index:Corruption Perceptions Index 2025 ↗ - Transparency International, CC BY 4.0
Economy
- High income
- GDP growth (real)2026
- +1.9% per yearWorld Rank137thof 195
- GDP per capita (PPP)2026
- GDP per capita (nominal)
- $27,884 (54th in the world)
Source:- 2025
- Services60.1% of GDPIndustry23% of GDPAgriculture2.7% of GDPManufacturing15.1%part of industry
- Households
- +52.5%
- Government
- +20.8%
- Investment
- +22.2%
- Exports
- +72.6%
- Imports
- −68.1%
The shape of the economyGDP by end useSource:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Inflation2026
- 1.9%down 2.6 percentage points2.6pp from 2025
- Labor force2024
- 5 million (52% of population)World Rank87thof 187
- Labor force participation2024
- 60.7% of people aged 15+
- Unemployment2024
- 4.5%
- Youth unemployment2024
- 15.1% ages 15 to 24
- Labor productivity2024
- $44.8 per hour worked at PPP
- Labor cost2025
- HUF 6,034.6 per hour$17.09 (USD), $29.50 (PPP)
- Budget balance2026
- 7.3% of GDP deficit
- Current account
- 0.5% of GDP, $1.4 billion deficit
Source: - Debt2024
- Government debt73.5% of GDPHousehold debt17% of GDPCompany debt72.7% of GDPInterest on debt5% of GDPCentral government debt74.5% of GDP
- Trade2025
- Goods$136.4 billion76%
- Services$43.1 billion24%
- Total exports
- $179.5 billion
- Change from 2024
- up 5.7 percent on the previous year5.7%
Sources:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- 2024
- +1.17World Rank15thof 145
- Projected GDP growth
- +2% a year over the next 10 years
Source:- Atlas of Economic Complexity ↗ - Harvard Growth Lab
- Agricultural products2024
- Sunflower seed, Triticale, Barley, and 7 more
- 1Sunflower seed18.4×
- 2Triticale9.4×
- 3Barley5.8×
- 4Wheat3.5×
- 5Rape or colza seed2.7×
- 6Grapes2.7×
- 7Maize (corn)2.3×
- 8Apples2.1×
- 9Meat of pig with the bone (fresh or chilled)2×
- 10Meat of chickens (fresh or chilled)1.7×
ProductSource:- FAOSTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Gold reserves2025
- 110 tonnesWorth $15.4 billion, 26% of total official reserves by value
- Industries
- mining, metallurgy, construction materials, processed foods, textiles, chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals), motor vehicles
- Income level, GDP by sector, Trade, Gold reserves:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- GDP (nominal), GDP growth (real), GDP per capita (PPP), Inflation, Budget balance:IMF World Economic Outlook ↗
- Labor force, Labor force participation, Unemployment, Youth unemployment, Labor productivity, Labor cost:ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
- Debt:IMF Global Debt Database ↗
- Debt:IMF Public Finances in Modern History ↗
- Trade, Industries:The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- Economic Complexity Index:Atlas of Economic Complexity ↗ - Harvard Growth Lab
- Agricultural products:FAOSTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
Cost of Living
- Cost of living index
- Loading
- Monthly costs (excluding rent)
- Loading
- Rent
- Loading
- Buying an apartment
- Loading
- Average gross salary2025
- €1,142 per month$1,290 (USD), $2,228 (PPP)
- Median
- €1,010 per month($1,142)
- Men
- €1,222 per month($1,381)
- Women
- €1,053 per month($1,190)
Source:- ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
- 2025
- HUF 290,800 per month, gross$823 (USD), $1,422 (PPP)
- Share of the average gross salary
- 64%
Source:- ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
- Average gross salary, Minimum wage:ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
Society
- 2023
- 0.870Very highWorld Rank46thof 193HungaryWorld
Human Development Index by year Year Hungary World 1990 0.730 0.608 1991 0.724 0.611 1992 0.722 0.614 1993 0.729 0.617 1994 0.739 0.620 1995 0.744 0.625 1996 0.752 0.631 1997 0.758 0.636 1998 0.764 0.641 1999 0.771 0.646 2000 0.781 0.651 2001 0.791 0.657 2002 0.800 0.662 2003 0.807 0.669 2004 0.811 0.675 2005 0.816 0.681 2006 0.823 0.688 2007 0.826 0.694 2008 0.833 0.698 2009 0.834 0.701 2010 0.838 0.707 2011 0.841 0.713 2012 0.841 0.717 2013 0.850 0.721 2014 0.848 0.726 2015 0.847 0.731 2016 0.851 0.735 2017 0.853 0.739 2018 0.857 0.741 2019 0.861 0.745 2020 0.857 0.742 2021 0.852 0.742 2022 0.867 0.752 2023 0.870 0.756 Source:- Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- 2017
- 30.6
- Mean years of schooling2023
- 12.3 years
- Expected for a child today
- 15.5 years
Source:- Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- Education expenditure2022
- 3.8% of GDP
- Share of government spending
- 7.8%
Source:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Internet users2024
- 93.8% of the population
- Households with Internet access
- 94.8%
Source:- ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Mobile subscriptions2024
- 10.1 million
- Fixed telephone lines
- 2,516,058
- Fixed broadband
- 37.5 subscriptions per 100 people
Counts subscriptions, not people.
Source:- ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Credit-card ownership2021
- 16% of adults
- Debit-card ownership
- 79%
- Account at a bank or mobile-money provider
- 88%
- Made or received a digital payment
- 86%
Source:- Global Findex Database ↗ - World Bank
- Refugees hosted2025
- 72,663 people
- Asylum seekers
- 29
- Stateless persons
- 97
- Refugees from Hungary abroad
- 2,463
Source:- Refugee Data Finder ↗ - UN Refugee Agency
- 2024
- Official tourism site13.2 million arrivalsdown 22% against 201922% below 2019World Rank23rdof 139
- Per resident
- 1.4 arrivals per resident
- 38 million arrivals
- $10.9 billion
- Spending per arrival
- $829
- 3.8% tourism direct GDP(2023)
- Domestic trips
- 12.8 million overnight trips by residents
- Residents' trips abroad
- 8.9 million overnight trips
- $5 billion
- Hotel beds
- 188,663
- Average hotel stay
- 2.4 nights
Overnight arrivals by year2010 to 2024A tourist stays at least one night. Arrivals count trips, not people.
Source:- UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites
- 8 sites7 cultural1 natural
Site Type Budapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter, and Andrássy Avenue Cultural Old Village of Hollókő and its Surroundings Cultural Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst Natural Millenary Benedictine Abbey of Pannonhalma and its Natural Environment Cultural Hortobágy National Park - the Puszta Cultural Early Christian Necropolis of Pécs (Sopianae) Cultural Fertö / Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape Cultural Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape Cultural Source:- The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- Human Development Index, Mean years of schooling:Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- Income inequality (Gini), Education expenditure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Internet users, Mobile subscriptions:ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Credit-card ownership:Global Findex Database ↗ - World Bank
- Refugees hosted:Refugee Data Finder ↗ - UN Refugee Agency
- Inbound tourists:UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites:The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
Crime & Safety
- Travel advisory (US)
- Loading
- Active humanitarian crisisAug 2026
- None - no active crisis
- Homicide rate2024
- Very low by global standards0.7 per 100,000 peopleWorld Rank97thof 115
- Crime rates
- 7 offence categories
Offence Per 100,000 Count Year Homicide (victims) 0.7 68 2024 Serious assault 136.6 13,475 2014 Sexual violence 5.5 537 2023 Kidnapping 0.1 11 2023 Burglary 290.6 28,595 2015 Theft 502.0 48,616 2022 Vehicle theft 32.3 3,175 2015 A low figure can also mean weak recording.
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Prison population2023
- 185.2 per 100,000 people
- Persons held
- 17,939
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Active humanitarian crisis:INFORM Severity Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
- Homicide rate, Crime rates, Prison population:UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
Health
- Life expectancy2026
- 77.5 years
- Health expenditure2023
- 6.4% of GDP$1,420 per person
- Physicians2022
- 3.46 per 1,000 population
- Hospital beds2022
- 6.6 per 1,000 population
- Infant mortality2026
- 2.7 per 1,000 live births
- Maternal mortality2023
- 12 per 100,000 live births
- Alcohol consumption2022
- 11.3 litres of pure alcohol per adult per year
- Tobacco use2020
- 32% of adults
- Men
- 34.8%
- Women
- 29.1%
Source:- Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- Alcohol and Tobacco Spending2023
- 7.0% of household spendingWorld Rank9thof 105
- World median
- 3.1%
Source:- The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- Road traffic deaths2019
- 7.7 per 100,000 population
- Life expectancy, Infant mortality:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Health expenditure, Physicians, Hospital beds, Road traffic deaths:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Maternal mortality:Maternal mortality estimates ↗ - UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-agency Group
- Alcohol consumption, Tobacco use:Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- Alcohol and Tobacco Spending:The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
Environment
- CO₂ emissions2024
- 42.6 Mt per yeardown 0.8 percent on the previous year0.8% from 2023
- CO₂ per capita
- 4.5 t per personWorld Rank63rdof 207
- Share of global CO₂
- 0.11%
- Methane (CH₄)
- 10.7 Mt CO₂-eq
- Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- 4.86 Mt CO₂-eq
- Fluorinated gases
- 2.26 Mt CO₂-eq
- All greenhouse gases
- 60.5 Mt CO₂-eq
Source:- Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- 2024
- 11.9 µg/m³ of PM2.50.7 years of life expectancy lost against the WHO guidelineMost polluted117thof 236
- WHO guideline
- 5 µg/m³
- National standard
- 10 µg/m³
- Life expectancy gain if the national standard were met
- 0.2 years
Source:- Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues
- air and soil pollution
- water pollution from industry and large-scale agriculture
- International agreements
- 20 of 20 landmark treaties in forceParty to 127 multilateral environmental agreements
Treaty Standing Joined Climate Paris Agreement in force 2016 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in force 1994 Kyoto Protocol in force 2005 Ozone layer Montreal Protocol in force 1989 Vienna Convention (Ozone Layer) in force 1988 Biodiversity Convention on Biological Diversity in force 1994 CITES in force 1985 Convention on Migratory Species (Bonn) in force 1983 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety in force 2004 Nagoya Protocol in force 2014 Land and heritage Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in force 1979 World Heritage Convention in force 1985 UN Convention to Combat Desertification in force 1999 Chemicals and waste Basel Convention in force 1992 Rotterdam Convention (PIC) in force 2004 Stockholm Convention (POPs) in force 2008 Minamata Convention on Mercury in force 2017 Oceans UN Convention on the Law of the Sea in force 2002 High Seas Treaty (BBNJ) in force 2026 MARPOL 73/78 in force 1985 Source:- International Environmental Agreements Database ↗ - Université Laval
- CO₂ emissions:Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- Air pollution:Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues:The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- International agreements:International Environmental Agreements Database ↗ - Université Laval
Food & Water
- No access to safe drinking water2022
- 0% of the population
- Renewable water2022
- 104 billion m³ per year
- Per person
- 10,739 m³ per year
- Dependency ratio
- 94% originates outside the country
- Annual water withdrawal
- 5 billion m³ per year
- Withdrawn for agriculture
- 11%
- Water stress
- 8% of available freshwater withdrawn
Source:- AQUASTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Obesity2024
- 31.4% of adults
- Men
- 34.6%
- Women
- 27.9%
Source:- Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- No access to safe drinking water, Renewable water:AQUASTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Obesity:Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
Energy
- Energy consumption2024
- Per capita
- 102.9 GJ per person
- Share of world total
- 0.16%
- Supply
- Deficitproduces 39% of what it consumes, 2024
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Electricity2024
- Net importer, net 11 TWh in 2024, 24% of consumption37 TWh generated per year
- Generation
- 37 TWh per year
- Consumption
- 45 TWh per year
- Imports
- 23 TWh per year
- Exports
- 12 TWh per year
- Net
- −11 TWh per year
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Oil, gas & coal
- Deficitproduces 26% of what it consumes, 2025Oil reserves202513.8 million barrelsWorld Rank85thof 99
Oil imports and exports count crude oil only.
- Energy consumption, Electricity, Oil, gas & coal:International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Oil, gas & coal:Worldwide Oil and Gas Survey ↗ - Oil & Gas Journal
Defense
- Military expenditure2024
- 2.2% of GDP$4.7 billion, 4.4% of government spending
- Military personnel2025
- approximately 30,000active-duty military personnel
- Military service2026
- Voluntaryno conscription since 2005; ages 18+
- Nuclear weapons2026
- None - no nuclear arsenal
- Military expenditure:SIPRI Military Expenditure Database ↗ - Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
- Military expenditure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Military personnel, Military service:The World Factbook: Hungary - CIA
- Nuclear weapons:Status of World Nuclear Forces ↗ - Federation of American Scientists
