National Identity
- Official name
- Swiss Confederation
- Official name (in German)
- Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
- Official name (in French)
- Confederation Suisse
- Official name (in Italian)
- Confederazione Svizzera
- Name etymology
name derives from the canton of Schwyz, one of the founding cantons of the Swiss Confederacy formed in the late 13th century
Sources:- Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation of 18 April 1999 (Status as of 3 March 2024) ↗ - Swiss Confederation - Fedlex - The publication platform for federal law
- The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- Coat of arms
- National flag
Translated from Presence Switzerland, Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA) The distinctive feature of the Swiss flag is its square shape. [...] it always remains the square red flag with a white cross.
Unofficial translation by WorldometerTranslated from Presence Switzerland, Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA) The white cross is centred in the middle of the flag. The arms of the cross are one sixth longer than they are wide.
Unofficial translation by WorldometerTranslated from the Swiss Armed Forces The Swiss flag grew out of our military system and, thanks to the efforts of General Dufour, has become what it is today: a symbol of the unity and cohesion of our federal state, Switzerland.
Unofficial translation by WorldometerTranslated from Presence Switzerland, Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA) The origin of the red flag with the white cross goes back to the Battle of Laupen in the Canton of Bern in 1339. To distinguish themselves from the other participants on the battlefield, the Swiss soldiers had sewn a white cross onto their chain mail. Later the cross appeared on the weapons and banners of the Swiss soldiers.
Unofficial translation by WorldometerTranslated from Presence Switzerland, Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA) During the Helvetic Republic (1798–1803), Napoleon Bonaparte imposed on Switzerland a tricolour in the colours green, red and yellow. With it, Switzerland had its first national flag. Immediately after the abolition of the Helvetic Republic, the flag was also abandoned again.
Unofficial translation by WorldometerTranslated from the Swiss Armed Forces It is thanks to the efforts of Dufour that, on the occasion of the revision of the military constitution of 1817, the federal military supervisory authority in July 1840 included an article in the new military regulations providing for the introduction of the federal flag: “Each infantry battalion shall receive from its canton a flag with the colours of the Confederation, the white cross on a red ground, with the name of the canton in gold on the horizontal bar of the cross.”
Unofficial translation by WorldometerTranslated from Presence Switzerland, Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA) Historians disagree about the reason for the red background colour. Some believe it refers to the blood of Christ, others suppose that the red comes from the Bernese flag of that time. The square shape goes back to the format of war coats of arms that was common at the time. In 1848 the red flag with the white cross was definitively enshrined in the Constitution as the national emblem of the country.
Unofficial translation by WorldometerTranslated from the Swiss Armed Forces Finally, on 12 December 1889, the Federal Assembly, “having examined a dispatch of the Federal Council of 12.11.1889, in supplement to the resolution of the Federal Diet of 14 July 1815 concerning the federal seal and coat of arms”, resolved the following: “The coat of arms of the Confederation is, in a red field, an upright, free-standing white cross, whose arms, equal in length to one another, are each one sixth longer than they are wide”.
Unofficial translation by WorldometerSources:- aboutswitzerland.eda.admin.ch ↗ - Presence Switzerland, Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA)
- vtg.admin.ch ↗ - the Swiss Armed Forces
- National anthem
- Schweizerpsalm1:24
- Title (in German)
- Schweizerpsalm
- Title (in French)
- Cantique suisse
- Title (in Italian)
- Salmo svizzero
- Title (in Romansh)
- Psalm svizzer
- Title (in English, translated)
- Swiss Psalm
- Lyrics
1Trittst im Morgenrot daher, Seh’ ich dich im Strahlenmeer, Dich, du Hocherhabener, Herrlicher! Wenn der Alpen Firn sich rötet, Betet, freie Schweizer, betet, Eure fromme Seele ahnt Eure fromme Seele ahnt Gott im hehren Vaterland! Gott, den Herrn, im hehren Vaterland!
2Kommst im Abendglühn daher, Find’ ich dich im Sternenheer, Dich, du Menschenfreundlicher, Liebender! In des Himmels lichten Räumen Kann ich froh und selig träumen; Denn die fromme Seele ahnt Denn die fromme Seele ahnt Gott im hehren Vaterland! Gott, den Herrn, im hehren Vaterland!
3Ziehst im Nebelflor daher, Such’ ich dich im Wolkenmeer, Dich, du Unergründlicher, Ewiger! Aus dem grauen Luftgebilde Bricht die Sonne klar und milde, Und die fromme Seele ahnt Und die fromme Seele ahnt Gott im hehren Vaterland! Gott, den Herrn, im hehren Vaterland!
4Fährst im wilden Sturm daher, Bist du selbst uns Hort und Wehr, Du, allmächtig Waltender, Rettender! In Gewitternacht und Grauen Laßt uns kindlich ihm vertrauen! Ja, die fromme Seele ahnt Ja, die fromme Seele ahnt Gott im hehren Vaterland! Gott, den Herrn, im hehren Vaterland!
Source: - Citizens
- Swiss
- Official name:Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation of 18 April 1999 (Status as of 3 March 2024) ↗ - Swiss Confederation - Fedlex - The publication platform for federal law
- Official name, Citizens:The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- National flag:aboutswitzerland.eda.admin.ch ↗ - Presence Switzerland, Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA)
- National flag:vtg.admin.ch ↗ - the Swiss Armed Forces
- National anthem:nationalanthems.info ↗
Geography
- Location
- Total area
- 41,277 km²
- Land area
- 39,997 km²
- Water area
- 1,280 km²
- Land borders
- 1,770 km(5 countries)
- Italy
- 698 km
- France
- 525 km
- Germany
- 348 km
- Austria
- 158 km
- Liechtenstein
- 41 km
Source:- The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- Coastline
- 0 km(Landlocked)
- Terrain
Mostly mountains (Alps in south, Jura in northwest) with a central plateau of rolling hills, plains, and large lakes - Mean elevation
- 1,350 m
- Highest point
- 4,634 mDufourspitze on Monte Rosa
- Lowest point
- 195 mLake Maggiore
- Climate
Temperate, but varies with altitude; cold, cloudy, rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with occasional showers - Avg. temperature
- 5.6 °C
- Avg. daily range
- 1.6 to 9.6 °C
- Annual precipitation
- 1,611 mm
Temperature °CMeanDaily rangePrecipitation mmMonthly climate normals Month Avg. high, °C Mean, °C Avg. low, °C Precipitation, mm January −0.5 −3.8 −6.8 105 February 1.1 −2.8 −6.3 94 March 5.3 1.1 −2.8 109 April 9 4.8 0.5 120 May 13.4 9.1 4.6 160 June 17.5 13.1 8.4 168 July 19.6 15 10.2 171 August 19.3 14.6 10.1 173 September 15.1 10.7 6.6 135 October 10.5 6.5 3 125 November 4.2 0.9 −2.2 129 December 0.1 −2.9 −5.9 121 Country-wide averages over 1991–2020.
Sources:- The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Weather
- Loading
- Land use2023
- Arable10.0%Perm. crops0.6%Pasture27.1%Forest32.0%Other32.6%
- Arable land
- 396,421 hectares (10.0%)
- Permanent crops
- 25,310 hectares (0.6%)
- Permanent meadows & pastures
- 1,071,492 hectares (27.1%)
- Forest
- 1,263,356 hectares (32.0%)
- Other land
- 1,289,633 hectares (32.6%)
Reported categories cover 102.4% of the land area.
Source: - Major lakes
- Lake Geneva580 km²Lake Constance540 km²
- Natural hazards2026
- River floods5.9High#75/191Earthquakes4.6Medium#77/191Epidemics2.3Very low#174/191Drought0.9Very low#153/191Tsunamis0.0Very lowTropical cyclones0.0Very lowCoastal floods0.0Very low
Scores out of 10, ranks out of 191 countries.
Source:- INFORM Risk Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
- Location, Land borders, Coastline, Terrain, Mean elevation, Highest point, Lowest point, Climate, Major rivers, Major lakes:The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- Climate:Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Land use:FAOSTAT Land Use domain ↗ - FAO
- Natural hazards:INFORM Risk Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
Demographics
- Population change2026
- +0.45% per year+40,390 people/yearWorld Rank142ndof 237
- Birth rate
- 9.0 per 1,000 population
- Death rate
- 8.5 per 1,000 population
- Net migration rate
- +3.8 per 1,000 population
- 2026
- 43.2 yearsWorld Rank39thof 237
- Age structure2026
- 0-14 years14.8%15-64 years64.3%65 years +20.9%
- Share aged 65 and over
- 20.9%
- Share aged under 18
- 17.8%
- Total dependency ratio
- 55
- Youth dependency ratio
- 23
- Elderly dependency ratio
- 32
- Sex ratio
- 0.99 male / female
MaleAgeFemalePopulation by age group, % of total population Age Male Female 80+ 2.5% 3.7% 70-79 4.1% 4.7% 60-69 6.5% 6.5% 50-59 7.0% 7.0% 40-49 7.0% 6.9% 30-39 6.9% 6.7% 20-29 5.5% 5.2% 10-19 5.2% 4.9% 0-9 5.0% 4.8% - 2026
- 0.65 below the replacement level for Switzerland ()1.45 births per womanreplacement 2.10123World Rank184thof 237
- 0.70 daughters per woman0.30 below replacement, long-run each generation smaller than the lastreplacement 1.000.511.5
- 2026
- +0.4 per 1,000 populationfor every 1,000 people, 0.4 more births than deaths a year
- 2026
- +3.8 per 1,000 population
- Urbanization2026
- 86.0% live in cities7,745,128 urban residents
- Largest cities2025
- Zurich, Geneva, Basel, LausanneRankCityPopulation (2025 estimate)1Zurich440,4712Geneva211,0303Basel180,0754Lausanne145,5215Bern138,4896Winterthur120,7157Luzern86,6878St. Gallen79,4629Lugano63,68810Biel57,434Source:
- Swiss Federal Statistical Office (2025 estimate), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution
- Population distribution corresponds to elevation, with the northern and western areas far more heavily populated; the higher Alps of the south limit settlement.
- Ethnic groups2020
- Figures count country of birth, not ethnicity.Swiss69.2%German4.2%Italian3.2%Portuguese2.5%French2.1%Kosovan1.1%Turkish1.0%Other16.7%
Covers permanent and non-permanent residents.
Source:- The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- Religions2020
- Roman Catholic34.4%Protestant22.5%Other Christian5.7%Muslim5.4%Other1.5%None29.4%Unspecified1.1%
- Languages
- German (Deutsch), French (Français), Italian (Italiano)
- Population, Population change, Median age, Age structure, Total fertility rate, Net reproduction rate, Natural change, Net migration rate:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Urbanization:UN World Urbanization Prospects ↗
- Largest cities:Swiss Federal Statistical Office (2025 estimate), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution, Ethnic groups, Religions:The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
Government & Administration
- Form of state
- RepublicThe People and the twenty-six Cantons form the Swiss Confederation; the Constitution names no head of state, and the seven-member Federal Council (federal government), the supreme executive authority, is chaired for one non-renewable year by the President of the Confederation (Arts. 1, 174, 176).Source:
- System of government
- Assembly-independentThe executive is the seven-member Federal Council, elected by the Federal Assembly for four years after each National Council (lower house) election; the Assembly oversees it but has no censure or recall, and there is no dissolution (Arts. 174, 175, 169, 149).Source:
- Bundesverfassung der Schweizerischen Eidgenossenschaft vom 18. April 1999 (SR 101) ↗, Arts. 174, 175, 169, 149
- Territorial organisation
- Federal
- Official websites
- Capital
- Bern138,489 people(2025)
- National holidays
- 4 days in 2026
- ThuJan 1New Year's Day
- ThuMay 14Ascension Day
- SatAug 1National Day
- FriDec 25Christmas Day
Nationwide public holidays only, excluding regional, bank and government-only days.
- Time
- Currency
- Swiss Franc (CHF)
- Entry requirements
- Official visa and entry information
- Calling code
- +41
- Internet TLD
- .ch
- ISO 3166-1 codes
- CH, CHE
- Infrastructure
- Passengers carried
- 27,725,233 by the country's airlines(2023)
- Heliports
- 52
- Aircraft departures
- 205,045 by the country's airlines(2023)
- Air freight
- 1,257.5 million tonne-km(2023)
- Aircraft registration prefix
- HB
Sources:- The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Flag carrier
- Swiss International Air LinesPrivately owned (Lufthansa Group)
- Passenger rail
- SBB CFF FFS
- 2025
- 80 / 100World Rank6thof 182Confidence interval
Corruption index score by year Year Score Lower bound Upper bound 2012 86 81 90 2013 85 81 89 2014 86 82 90 2015 86 82 90 2016 86 83 89 2017 85 82 88 2018 85 82 88 2019 85 82.4 87.6 2020 85 83.2 86.8 2021 84 82.2 85.8 2022 82 79 85 2023 82 79.1 84.9 2024 81 78 84 2025 80 76.4 83.6 Source:- Corruption Perceptions Index 2025 ↗ - Transparency International, CC BY 4.0
- Form of state, System of government, Territorial organisation:Bundesverfassung der Schweizerischen Eidgenossenschaft vom 18. April 1999 (SR 101) ↗ - Federal Chancellery of Switzerland (Fedlex)
- National holidays:Open World Holidays Framework (vacanza/holidays) ↗
- Infrastructure:The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- Infrastructure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Corruption Perceptions Index:Corruption Perceptions Index 2025 ↗ - Transparency International, CC BY 4.0
Economy
- High income
- GDP growth (real)2026
- +1.9% per yearWorld Rank141stof 195
- GDP per capita (PPP)2026
- GDP per capita (nominal)
- $124,478 (4th in the world)
Source:- 2025
- Services71.7% of GDPIndustry25% of GDPAgriculture0.6% of GDPManufacturing18.9%part of industry
- Households
- +49.5%
- Government
- +12%
- Investment
- +29.5%
- Exports
- +78.1%
- Imports
- −69.1%
The shape of the economyGDP by end useSource:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Inflation2026
- 0.7%up 0.5 percentage points0.5pp from 2025
- Labor force2024
- 5.1 million (57% of population)World Rank85thof 187
- Labor force participation2024
- 67.1% of people aged 15+
- Unemployment2024
- 4.3%
- Youth unemployment2024
- 8.2% ages 15 to 24
- Labor productivity2024
- $84.6 per hour worked at PPP
- Labor cost2020
- CHF 63.62 per hour$67.76 (USD), $49.37 (PPP)
- Budget balance2026
- 0.2% of GDP deficit
- Current account
- 6.2% of GDP, $70.7 billion surplus
Source: - Debt2024
- Government debt37.6% of GDPHousehold debt125.4% of GDPCompany debt136.3% of GDPInterest on debt0.4% of GDPCentral government debt13.7% of GDP
- Trade2025
- Goods$617.3 billion75.9%
- Services$195.5 billion24.1%
- Total exports
- $812.8 billion
- Change from 2024
- up 18.1 percent on the previous year18.1%
Sources:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- 2024
- +1.58World Rank2ndof 145
- Projected GDP growth
- +1.2% a year over the next 10 years
Source:- Atlas of Economic Complexity ↗ - Harvard Growth Lab
- Agricultural products2024
- Raw milk of cattle, Sugar beet, Apples, and 7 more
- 1Raw milk of cattle7.2×
- 2Sugar beet6×
- 3Apples3.4×
- 4Meat of cattle with the bone (fresh or chilled)3.2×
- 5Meat of pig with the bone (fresh or chilled)2.6×
- 6Grapes1.9×
- 7Potatoes1.5×
- 8Meat of chickens (fresh or chilled)1.4×
- 9Rape or colza seed1.3×
- 10Barley1.3×
ProductSource:- FAOSTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Gold reserves2025
- 1,040 tonnesWorth $146 billion, 14% of total official reserves by value
- Industries
- machinery, chemicals, watches, textiles, precision instruments, tourism, banking, insurance, pharmaceuticals
- Income level, GDP by sector, Trade, Gold reserves:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- GDP (nominal), GDP growth (real), GDP per capita (PPP), Inflation, Budget balance:IMF World Economic Outlook ↗
- Labor force, Labor force participation, Unemployment, Youth unemployment, Labor productivity, Labor cost:ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
- Debt:IMF Global Debt Database ↗
- Debt:IMF Public Finances in Modern History ↗
- Trade, Industries:The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- Economic Complexity Index:Atlas of Economic Complexity ↗ - Harvard Growth Lab
- Agricultural products:FAOSTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
Cost of Living
- Cost of living index
- Loading
- Monthly costs (excluding rent)
- Loading
- Rent
- Loading
- Buying an apartment
- Loading
- Average gross salary2025
- CHF 6,468 per month$7,780 (USD), $6,070 (PPP)
- Median
- CHF 5,989 per month($7,204)
- Men
- CHF 7,618 per month($9,164)
- Women
- CHF 5,237 per month($6,299)
Source:- ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
- 2024
- CHF 4,212 per month, gross$4,784 (USD), $3,804 (PPP)
- Average gross salary, Minimum wage:ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
Society
- 2023
- 0.970Very highWorld Rank2ndof 193SwitzerlandWorld
Human Development Index by year Year Switzerland World 1990 0.858 0.608 1991 0.860 0.611 1992 0.863 0.614 1993 0.867 0.617 1994 0.870 0.620 1995 0.872 0.625 1996 0.875 0.631 1997 0.880 0.636 1998 0.886 0.641 1999 0.889 0.646 2000 0.892 0.651 2001 0.895 0.657 2002 0.896 0.662 2003 0.901 0.669 2004 0.906 0.675 2005 0.909 0.681 2006 0.918 0.688 2007 0.926 0.694 2008 0.934 0.698 2009 0.942 0.701 2010 0.945 0.707 2011 0.946 0.713 2012 0.949 0.717 2013 0.952 0.721 2014 0.956 0.726 2015 0.957 0.731 2016 0.959 0.735 2017 0.960 0.739 2018 0.962 0.741 2019 0.965 0.745 2020 0.963 0.742 2021 0.968 0.742 2022 0.966 0.752 2023 0.970 0.756 Source:- Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- 2022
- 33.8
- Mean years of schooling2023
- 13.9 years
- Expected for a child today
- 16.7 years
Source:- Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- Education expenditure2022
- 4.9% of GDP
- Share of government spending
- 15.4%
Source:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Internet users2024
- 97.3% of the population
- Households with Internet access
- 97.7%
Source:- ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Mobile subscriptions2024
- 11.6 million
- Fixed telephone lines
- 2,729,600
- Fixed broadband
- 47 subscriptions per 100 people
Counts subscriptions, not people.
Source:- ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Credit-card ownership2021
- 69% of adults
- Debit-card ownership
- 85%
- Account at a bank or mobile-money provider
- 99%
- Made or received a digital payment
- 98%
Source:- Global Findex Database ↗ - World Bank
- Refugees hosted2025
- 203,506 people
- Asylum seekers
- 16,599
- Stateless persons
- 1,321
- Internally displaced persons
- 320All due to disasters
- Refugees from Switzerland abroad
- 11
Sources:- Refugee Data Finder ↗ - UN Refugee Agency
- Global Internal Displacement Database ↗ - Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
- Inbound tourists2022
- Official tourism site9.2 million arrivalsdown 22% against 201922% below 2019World Rank32ndof 139
- Per resident
- 1 arrivals per resident
- $26.5 billion(2024)
- 2.1% tourism direct GDP(2023)
- Domestic trips
- 7.2 million overnight trips by residents
- Residents' trips abroad
- 11.3 million overnight trips
- $26.8 billion(2024)
- Hotel beds
- 293,256(2024)
- Average hotel stay
- 2.1 nights(2024)
Overnight arrivals by year2010 to 2022A tourist stays at least one night. Arrivals count trips, not people.
Source:- UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites
- 13 sites9 cultural4 natural
Site Type Old City of Berne Cultural Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch Natural Monte San Giorgio Natural Abbey of St Gall Cultural Three Castles, Defensive Wall, and Ramparts of the Market-Town of Bellinzona Cultural Rhaetian Railway in the Albula/Bernina Landscapes Cultural La Chaux-de-Fonds/Le Locle, Watchmaking Town Planning Cultural Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps Cultural Benedictine Convent of St John at Müstair Cultural Lavaux, Vineyard Terraces Cultural The Factbook names 10 of the 13 sites.
Source:- The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- Human Development Index, Mean years of schooling:Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- Income inequality (Gini), Education expenditure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Internet users, Mobile subscriptions:ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Credit-card ownership:Global Findex Database ↗ - World Bank
- Refugees hosted:Refugee Data Finder ↗ - UN Refugee Agency
- Refugees hosted:Global Internal Displacement Database ↗ - Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
- Inbound tourists:UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites:The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
Crime & Safety
- Travel advisory (US)
- Loading
- Active humanitarian crisisAug 2026
- None - no active crisis
- Homicide rate2024
- Very low by global standards0.5 per 100,000 peopleWorld Rank105thof 115
- Crime rates
- 7 offence categories
Offence Per 100,000 Count Year Homicide (victims) 0.5 45 2024 Serious assault 9.9 880 2023 Sexual violence 33.7 2,988 2023 Kidnapping 0.1 6 2023 Burglary 406.4 35,732 2022 Theft 1,580.6 138,970 2022 Vehicle theft 215.6 18,958 2022 A low figure can also mean weak recording.
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Prison population2023
- 74.7 per 100,000 people
- Persons held
- 6,629
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Active humanitarian crisis:INFORM Severity Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
- Homicide rate, Crime rates, Prison population:UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
Health
- Life expectancy2026
- 84.4 years
- Health expenditure2023
- 11.7% of GDP$11,784 per person
- Physicians2022
- 4.48 per 1,000 population
- Hospital beds2023
- 4.4 per 1,000 population
- Infant mortality2026
- 3.0 per 1,000 live births
- Maternal mortality2023
- 5 per 100,000 live births
- Alcohol consumption2022
- 9.2 litres of pure alcohol per adult per year
- Tobacco use2023
- 23.4% of adults
- Men
- 24.4%
- Women
- 22.4%
Source:- Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- Alcohol and Tobacco Spending2023
- 3.5% of household spendingWorld Rank39thof 105
- World median
- 3.1%
Source:- The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- Road traffic deaths2019
- 2.2 per 100,000 population
- Life expectancy, Infant mortality:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Health expenditure, Physicians, Hospital beds, Road traffic deaths:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Maternal mortality:Maternal mortality estimates ↗ - UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-agency Group
- Alcohol consumption, Tobacco use:Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- Alcohol and Tobacco Spending:The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
Environment
- CO₂ emissions2024
- 33.7 Mt per yearup 0.2 percent on the previous year0.2% from 2023
- CO₂ per capita
- 3.8 t per personWorld Rank82ndof 207
- Share of global CO₂
- 0.09%
- Methane (CH₄)
- 5.94 Mt CO₂-eq
- Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- 2.08 Mt CO₂-eq
- Fluorinated gases
- 1.24 Mt CO₂-eq
- All greenhouse gases
- 43 Mt CO₂-eq
Source:- Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- 2024
- 8.3 µg/m³ of PM2.50.3 years of life expectancy lost against the WHO guidelineMost polluted151stof 236
- WHO guideline
- 5 µg/m³
- National standard
- 10 µg/m³
Source:- Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues
- air pollution from vehicle emissions
- water pollution from agricultural fertilizers
- soil pollution from chemical contaminants
- soil erosion
- loss of biodiversity
Source:- The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- International agreements
- 19 of 20 landmark treaties in forceParty to 152 multilateral environmental agreements
Treaty Standing Joined Climate Paris Agreement in force 2017 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in force 1994 Kyoto Protocol in force 2005 Ozone layer Montreal Protocol in force 1989 Vienna Convention (Ozone Layer) in force 1988 Biodiversity Convention on Biological Diversity in force 1995 CITES in force 1975 Convention on Migratory Species (Bonn) in force 1995 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety in force 2003 Nagoya Protocol in force 2014 Land and heritage Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in force 1976 World Heritage Convention in force 1975 UN Convention to Combat Desertification in force 1996 Chemicals and waste Basel Convention in force 1992 Rotterdam Convention (PIC) in force 2004 Stockholm Convention (POPs) in force 2004 Minamata Convention on Mercury in force 2017 Oceans UN Convention on the Law of the Sea in force 2009 High Seas Treaty (BBNJ) signed 2025, not ratified MARPOL 73/78 in force 1988 Source:- International Environmental Agreements Database ↗ - Université Laval
- CO₂ emissions:Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- Air pollution:Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues:The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- International agreements:International Environmental Agreements Database ↗ - Université Laval
Food & Water
- No access to safe drinking water2022
- 0% of the population
- Renewable water2022
- 54 billion m³ per year
- Per person
- 6,085 m³ per year
- Dependency ratio
- 24% originates outside the country
- Annual water withdrawal
- 1.7 billion m³ per year
- Withdrawn for agriculture
- 9%
- Water stress
- 6% of available freshwater withdrawn
Source:- AQUASTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Obesity2024
- 11.3% of adults
- Men
- 13.6%
- Women
- 9%
Source:- Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- No access to safe drinking water, Renewable water:AQUASTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Obesity:Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
Energy
- Energy consumption2024
- Per capita
- 105.5 GJ per person
- Share of world total
- 0.15%
- Supply
- Deficitproduces 49% of what it consumes, 2024
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Electricity2024
- Net exporter, net 14 TWh in 2024, 26% of consumption75 TWh generated per year
- Generation
- 75 TWh per year
- Consumption
- 56 TWh per year
- Imports
- 26 TWh per year
- Exports
- 40 TWh per year
- Net
- +14 TWh per year
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Oil, gas & coal
- No meaningful productionproduces under 2% of what it consumes, 2025Imports202056,217 b/d
Oil imports and exports count crude oil only.
- Energy consumption, Electricity, Oil, gas & coal:International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
Defense
- Military expenditure2024
- 0.7% of GDP$6.7 billion, 2.3% of government spending
- Military personnel2024
- approximately 145,000Swiss Armed Forces
The strength figures include professional cadre (approximately 20,000 personnel), people awaiting or participating in mandatory annual training, and people who have already completed their training service obligation.
Source:- The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- Military service2026
- Conscriptionmen 18–30, 245 days including 18–21 weeks of basic training generally between the ages of 19–25, followed by six three-week recalls for refresher training over the following nine years, or the alternative civilian service; women can serve on a voluntary basis
The system offers opportunities for conscripts to train as non-commissioned and commissioned officers in the militia with longer service commitments.Alternative civilian service is up to 370 days or 1.5x as many days as military service.
Source:- The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- Nuclear weapons2026
- None - no nuclear arsenal
- Military expenditure:SIPRI Military Expenditure Database ↗ - Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
- Military expenditure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Military personnel, Military service:The World Factbook: Switzerland - CIA
- Nuclear weapons:Status of World Nuclear Forces ↗ - Federation of American Scientists
