National Identity

Official name
Kingdom of Cambodia
Coat of arms
National flag
National anthem
Nokoreach (នគររាជ)
1:30
Citizens
Cambodians

Geography

Location
Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos
Explore all maps
Total area
Land borders
2,530 km(3 countries)
Coastline
443 km
Terrain
Mostly low, flat plains; mountains in southwest and north
Mean elevation
126 m
Highest point
1,810 mPhnum Aoral
Lowest point
0 mGulf of Thailand
Climate
Tropicalrainy, monsoon season (May to November); dry season (December to April); little seasonal temperature variation
Weather
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Land use2023
Arable23.3%Perm. crops3.0%Pasture8.5%Forest39.4%Other25.8%
Major rivers
1Mekong4,350km
Major lakes
Tonle Sap2,700 km²
Natural hazards2026
River floods8.6Very high#10/191
Epidemics5.9High#64/191
Drought4.2Medium#64/191
Coastal floods3.7Medium#92/191

Demographics

Population change2026
+1.14% per year+203,237 people/year
World Rank89thof 237
2026
26.4 years
World Rank161stof 237
Age structure2026
0-14 years29.2%15-64 years64.2%65 years +6.6%
2026
2.49 births per woman
replacement 2.1
0123
World Rank79thof 237
0.39 above the replacement level for Cambodia ()
1.16 daughters per woman
replacement 1.0
00.511.5
0.16 above replacement, long-run each generation larger than the last
2026
+13.0 per 1,000 populationfor every 1,000 people, 13.0 more births than deaths a year
2026
−1.9 per 1,000 population
Urbanization2026
41.3% live in cities7,460,200 urban residents
Largest cities2019
Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, Battambang, Ta Khmau
Population distribution
Population concentrated in the southeast, particularly in and around the capital of Phnom Penh; further distribution is linked closely to the Tonle Sap and Mekong Rivers.
Ethnic groups2019
Khmer95.4%Cham2.4%Chinese1.5%Other0.7%
Religions2019
Buddhist97.1%Muslim2.0%Christian0.3%Other0.5%
Languages
Khmer (ខ្មែរ)

Government & Administration

Form of state
Constitutional monarchy
System of government
Parliamentary
Territorial organisation
Unitary
Official websites
Capital
Phnom Penh2.3 million people(2019)
National holidays
21 days in 2026
Time
ICTIndochina TimeUTC+7
Currency
Cambodian Riel (KHR)
Calling code
+855
Internet TLD
.kh
ISO 3166-1 codes
KH, KHM
Infrastructure
Flag carrier
Air CambodiaPartly state-owned
Passenger rail
Royal Railway
2025
20 / 100
World Rank163rdof 182

Economy

Lower middle income
GDP growth (real)2026
+3% per year
World Rank95thof 195
GDP per capita (PPP)2026
2025
Services35% of GDP
Industry43.1% of GDP
Agriculture16.1% of GDP
Manufacturing29%part of industry
Inflation2026
5.6%up 3 percentage points3pp from 2025
Labor force2024
10.2 million (58% of population)
World Rank57thof 187
Labor force participation2024
82.4% of people aged 15+
Unemployment2024
0.3%
Youth unemployment2024
0.7% ages 15 to 24
Labor productivity2024
$5.1 per hour worked at PPP
Budget balance2026
2.9% of GDP deficit
Debt2024
Government debt26.6% of GDP
Interest on debt0.3% of GDP
Trade2025
2024
+0.02
World Rank82ndof 145
Agricultural products2024
Cassava (fresh), Natural rubber in primary forms, Rice, and 4 more
Gold reserves2025
54.4 tonnesWorth $7.6 billion, 28% of total official reserves by value
Industries
  • tourism, garments, construction, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles

Cost of Living

Cost of living index
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Monthly costs (excluding rent)
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Rent
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Buying an apartment
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Average gross salary2025
KHR 1,160,637 per month$289 (USD), $788 (PPP)
2024
KHR 200 per month, gross$0 (USD), $0 (PPP)

Society

2023
0.606Medium
World Rank151stof 193
Mean years of schooling2023
5.2 years
Literacy2021
71.9% of adults
Education expenditure2023
2.2% of GDP
Internet users2024
68.5% of the population
Mobile subscriptions2024
20.5 million
Credit-card ownership2024
1% of adults
Refugees hosted2025
23 people
Inbound tourists2022
2.3 million arrivalsdown 66% against 201966% below 2019
World Rank64thof 139
Official tourism site
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
5 sites5 cultural

Crime & Safety

Travel advisory (US)
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Active humanitarian crisisAug 2026
None - no active crisis
Homicide rate2011
1.8 per 100,000 peopleLow by global standards
Crime rates
1 offence category
Prison population2022
221.2 per 100,000 people

Health

Health expenditure2023
4.6% of GDP$115 per person
Physicians2019
0.21 per 1,000 population
Hospital beds2018
0.7 per 1,000 population
Infant mortality2026
17.6 per 1,000 live births
Maternal mortality2023
137 per 100,000 live births
Alcohol consumption2022
5.4 litres of pure alcohol per adult per year
Tobacco use2023
19.1% of adults
Alcohol and Tobacco Spending2023
1.9% of household spending
World Rank73rdof 105
Road traffic deaths2019
19.6 per 100,000 population

Environment

CO₂ emissions2024
19.4 Mt per yearup 2.8 percent on the previous year2.8% from 2023
2024
17.6 µg/m³ of PM2.51.2 years of life expectancy lost against the WHO guideline
Most polluted74thof 236
Environmental issues
  • habitat and biodiversity loss from illegal logging and strip mining
  • destruction of mangrove swamps
  • soil erosion
International agreements
18 of 20 landmark treaties in forceParty to 67 multilateral environmental agreements

Food & Water

No access to safe drinking water2022
24.5% of the population
Renewable water2022
476 billion m³ per year
Undernourishment2022
5% of the population800,000 people
Obesity2024
4.9% of adults
Underweight children2021
16.3% of children under five

Energy

Energy consumption2024
0.32 EJ per yearup 16.5 percent on the previous year16.5% from 2023total primary energy
Electricity2024
18 TWh generated per year
Imports only, 3.3 TWh imported, nothing exported in 2024
Oil, gas & coal
Production endedlast produced in 2009
Consumption202473,533 b/d

Oil imports and exports count crude oil only.

Defense

Military expenditure2024
1.5% of GDP$720.5 million, 8.8% of government spending
Military personnel2025
estimated 200,000Armed Forces, including GendarmerieEstimates vary.
Military service2025
18+legal minimum age for military service, men and women; a 2006 conscription law has never been enforced, enforcement announced for 2026
Nuclear weapons2026
None - no nuclear arsenal

International Memberships