National Identity
- Official name
- Republic of Senegal
- Official name (in French)
- République du Sénégal
- Name etymology
named for the Senegal River that forms the northern border of the country; the river's name may derive from "Azenegue," the Portuguese name for the Berber Zenaga people who lived north of the river, or it could come from a local word meaning "navigable"
Sources:- Law No. 2001-03 of January 22, 2001 on the Constitution, as Amended ↗ - Government of Senegal
- The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- Coat of arms
- National flag
Translated from the Office of the Prime Minister of Senegal The flag of the Republic of Senegal is composed of three vertical and equal bands, coloured green, gold and red. It bears, in green, at the centre of the gold band, a five-pointed star.
Unofficial translation by WorldometerTranslated from the Embassy of Senegal in Mali Green, for Muslims, is the colour of the flag of the Prophet. For Christians, it is the symbol of hope. For Animists, it is the symbol of fertility. Gold is a sign of wealth; it represents the fruit of labour for a people that has given priority to economic problems, whose solution alone will allow the raising of the level of culture. This is the second objective of the Senegalese nation. Now Gold — Yellow — is, at the same time, the colour of the Arts and Letters; the colour of the Spirit. Red recalls the colour of blood, the colour of life, and therefore of the sacrifice made by the whole Nation, but also the ardent determination and the resolute strength that drive each of its sons in the struggle against underdevelopment..
Unofficial translation by WorldometerTranslated from the Embassy of Senegal in Mali It has five points to mark the openness of Senegal to the five continents. It represents the sky and hence spiritual values, particularly among a people that does not live on rice and bread alone. It is green to signify, more particularly, the hope expressed by the Young Independence of the Republic of Senegal.
Unofficial translation by WorldometerSources:- primature.sn ↗ - the Office of the Prime Minister of Senegal
- ambasenmali.org ↗ - the Embassy of Senegal in Mali
- National anthem
- Pincez Tous vos Koras, Frappez les Balafons0:56
- Title (in French)
- Pincez Tous vos Koras, Frappez les Balafons
- Title (in English, translated)
- Pluck Your Koras, Strike the Balafons
- Unofficial title (in French)
- Le Lion Rouge
- Unofficial title (in English, translated)
- The Red Lion
- Lyrics
1Pincez tous vos Koras, frappez les balafons. Le lion a rugi. Le dompteur de la brousse D’un bond s’est élancé Dissipant les ténèbres. Soleil sur nos terreurs, soleil sur notre espoir. Debout, frères, voici l’Afrique rassemblée
ChorusFibres de mon coeur vert. Épaule contre épaule, mes plus que frères, O Sénégalais, debout! Unissons la mer et les sources,unissons la steppe et la forêt! Salut Afrique mère, salut Afrique mère.
2Sénégal toi le fils de l’écume du Lion, Toi surgi de la nuit au galop des chevaux, Rend-nous, oh! rends-nous l’honneur de nos Ancêstres, Splendides comme ébène et forts comme le muscle Nous disons droits-l’épée n’a pas une bavure.
Fibres de mon coeur vert.3Sénégal, nous faisons nôtre ton grand dessein: Rassembler les poussins à l’abri des milans Pour en faire, de l’Est à l’Ouest, du Nord au Sud, Dressé, un même peuple, un peuple sans couture Mais un peuple tourné vers tous les vents du monde.
Fibres de mon coeur vert.4Sénégal, comme toi, comme tous nos héros, Nous serons durs sans haine et des deux bras ouverts. L’épée, nous la mettrons dans la paix du fourreau, Car le travail sera notre arme et la parole. Le Bantou est un frère, et l’Arabe et le Blanc.
Fibres de mon coeur vert.5Mais que si l’ennemi incendie nos frontières Nous serons tous dressés et les armes au poing: Un Peuple dans sa foi défiant tous les malheurs, Les jeunes et les vieux, les hommes et les femmes. La Mort, oui! Nous disons la Mort, mais pas la honte.
Fibres de mon coeur vert.Source: - Citizens
- Senegalese
- Official name:Law No. 2001-03 of January 22, 2001 on the Constitution, as Amended ↗ - Government of Senegal
- Official name, Citizens:The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- Coat of arms:Image credit
- National flag:primature.sn ↗ - the Office of the Prime Minister of Senegal
- National flag:ambasenmali.org ↗ - the Embassy of Senegal in Mali
- National anthem:nationalanthems.info ↗
Geography
- Location
- Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Mauritania
- Total area
- 196,722 km²
- Land area
- 192,530 km²
- Water area
- 4,192 km²
- Land borders
- 2,684 km(5 countries)
- Gambia
- 749 km
- Mauritania
- 742 km
- Mali
- 489 km
- Guinea
- 363 km
- Guinea-Bissau
- 341 km
Source:- The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- Coastline
- 531 km
- Terrain
Generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast - Mean elevation
- 69 m
- Highest point
- 648 m
- Lowest point
- 0 mAtlantic Ocean
- Climate
Tropical hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind - Avg. temperature
- 28.8 °C
- Avg. daily range
- 23.2 to 35.3 °C
- Annual precipitation
- 499 mm
Temperature °CMeanDaily rangePrecipitation mmMonthly climate normals Month Avg. high, °C Mean, °C Avg. low, °C Precipitation, mm January 32.9 25.3 18.8 1 February 35.2 27.4 20.7 1 March 37.6 29.7 22.7 0 April 39.1 31.3 24.3 0 May 39.1 31.9 25.5 3 June 36.9 30.9 25.8 26 July 33.7 29.1 25.2 103 August 32.1 28.1 24.9 180 September 32.6 28.2 24.7 140 October 35.2 29.5 24.6 40 November 35.6 28.2 21.9 3 December 33.5 25.9 19.4 2 Country-wide averages over 1991–2020.
Sources:- The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Weather
- Loading
- Land use2023
- Arable19.9%Perm. crops0.4%Pasture29.1%Forest45.1%Other5.5%
- Arable land
- 3,830,000 hectares (19.9%)
- Permanent crops
- 81,000 hectares (0.4%)
- Permanent meadows & pastures
- 5,600,000 hectares (29.1%)
- Forest
- 8,680,400 hectares (45.1%)
- Other land
- 1,061,600 hectares (5.5%)
Source: - Natural hazards2026
- Epidemics6.4High#39/191River floods6.3High#60/191Drought6.1High#27/191Coastal floods5.5High#51/191Tsunamis3.9Medium#69/191Earthquakes0.1Very low#127/191Tropical cyclones0.0Very low
Scores out of 10, ranks out of 191 countries.
Source:- INFORM Risk Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
- Location, Land borders, Coastline, Terrain, Mean elevation, Highest point, Lowest point, Climate, Major rivers:The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- Climate:Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Land use:FAOSTAT Land Use domain ↗ - FAO
- Natural hazards:INFORM Risk Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
Demographics
- Population change2026
- +2.30% per year+434,582 people/yearWorld Rank30thof 237
- Birth rate
- 28.6 per 1,000 population
- Death rate
- 5.4 per 1,000 population
- Net migration rate
- −0.7 per 1,000 population
- 2026
- 19.8 yearsWorld Rank201stof 237
- Age structure2026
- 0-14 years37.3%15-64 years59.0%65 years +3.7%
- Share aged 65 and over
- 3.7%
- Share aged under 18
- 44.1%
- Total dependency ratio
- 69
- Youth dependency ratio
- 63
- Elderly dependency ratio
- 6
- Sex ratio
- 1.03 male / female
MaleAgeFemalePopulation by age group, % of total population Age Male Female 80+ 0.2% 0.2% 70-79 0.8% 0.9% 60-69 1.7% 1.8% 50-59 2.9% 2.9% 40-49 4.5% 4.5% 30-39 6.5% 6.6% 20-29 9.1% 8.9% 10-19 11.8% 10.9% 0-9 13.1% 12.4% - 2026
- 1.56 above the replacement level for Senegal ()3.66 births per womanreplacement 2.101234World Rank33rdof 237
- 1.70 daughters per woman0.70 above replacement, long-run each generation larger than the lastreplacement 1.000.511.52
- 2026
- +23.3 per 1,000 populationfor every 1,000 people, 23.3 more births than deaths a year
- 2026
- −0.7 per 1,000 population
- Urbanization2026
- 56.3% live in cities10,901,381 urban residents
- Largest cities2023
- Dakar, Touba, Thiès, KaolackRankCity or Urban CommunePopulation (2023 census)1Dakar3,186,0882Touba1,120,8243Thiès391,2534Kaolack298,9045Rufisque295,4596M'bour284,1897Saint-Louis254,1718Ziguinchor214,8749Diourbel157,55410Tivaouane Peulh - Niaga152,043Source:
- National Agency of Statistics and Demography, Senegal (2023 census), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution
- The population is concentrated in the west, with Dakar anchoring a well-defined core area; approximately 70% of the population is rural.
- Ethnic groups2019
- Wolof39.7%Pulaar27.5%Sereer16.0%Mandinka4.9%Jola4.2%Soninke2.4%Other5.4%
Other includes Europeans and persons of Lebanese descent.
Source:- The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- Religions2019
- Muslim97.2%Christian2.7%
Most Muslims adhere to one of the four main Sufi brotherhoods.Christians are mostly Roman Catholic.
Source:- The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- Languages
- French (Français)
- Population, Population change, Median age, Age structure, Total fertility rate, Net reproduction rate, Natural change, Net migration rate:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Urbanization:UN World Urbanization Prospects ↗
- Largest cities:National Agency of Statistics and Demography, Senegal (2023 census), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution, Ethnic groups, Religions:The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
Government & Administration
- Form of state
- RepublicThe President of the Republic is elected by direct universal suffrage and an absolute majority of votes cast, for five years and no more than two consecutive terms (Arts. 26, 27).
- System of government
- Semi-presidentialThe President appoints and dismisses the Prime Minister, Head of Government; the National Assembly can force the Government to resign by censure, and the President may dissolve it, though not in a legislature's first two years (Arts. 49, 53, 86, 87).
- Territorial organisation
- Unitary
- Official websites
- Government (in French)
- President
- Parliament (in French)
- Capital
- Dakar1.3 million people(2023)
- National holidays
- 14 days in 2026
- ThuJan 1New Year's Day
- FriMar 20Eid al-Fitr (estimated)
- SatApr 4Independence Day
- MonApr 6Easter Monday
- FriMay 1Labor Day
- ThuMay 14Ascension Day
- MonMay 25Pentecost Monday
- WedMay 27Eid al-Adha (estimated)
- ThuJun 25Ashura (estimated)
- SatAug 1Grand Magal of Touba (estimated)
- SatAug 15Assumption Day
- TueAug 25Prophet's Birthday (estimated)
- SunNov 1All Saints' Day
- FriDec 25Christmas Day
Nationwide public holidays only, excluding regional, bank and government-only days.
- Time
- GMTGreenwich Mean TimeUTC+0
- Currency
- West African CFA Franc (XOF)
- Entry requirements
- Official visa and entry information
- Calling code
- +221
- Internet TLD
- .sn
- ISO 3166-1 codes
- SN, SEN
- Infrastructure
- Passengers carried
- 1,213,575 by the country's airlines(2022)
- Aircraft departures
- 10,831 by the country's airlines(2022)
- Air freight
- 10 million tonne-km(2022)
- Aircraft registration prefix
- 6V
Sources:- The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Flag carrier
- Air SénégalState-owned
- Passenger rail
- SETER (TER Dakar) (in French)
- 2025
- 46 / 100World Rank65thof 182
Significant improverUp 10 points since 2012, when it scored 36.
Confidence intervalCorruption index score by year Year Score Lower bound Upper bound 2012 36 33 39 2013 41 39 43 2014 43 39 47 2015 44 40 48 2016 45 40 49 2017 45 41 49 2018 45 41 49 2019 45 41.6 48.4 2020 45 42.8 47.2 2021 43 40.8 45.2 2022 43 40.7 45.3 2023 43 40.8 45.2 2024 45 42.7 47.3 2025 46 44.1 47.9 Source:- Corruption Perceptions Index 2025 ↗ - Transparency International, CC BY 4.0
- Form of state, System of government, Territorial organisation:Constitution du Sénégal, adoptée par référendum du 7 janvier 2001, Journal officiel n° 5963 du 22 janvier 2001, consolidated text ↗ - Constitutional Council of Senegal
- National holidays:Open World Holidays Framework (vacanza/holidays) ↗
- Infrastructure:The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- Infrastructure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Corruption Perceptions Index:Corruption Perceptions Index 2025 ↗ - Transparency International, CC BY 4.0
Economy
- Lower middle income
- GDP growth (real)2025
- +6.7% per yearWorld Rank17thof 195
- GDP per capita (PPP)2025
- GDP per capita (nominal)
- $1,934 (162nd in the world)
Source:- 2025
- Services46.3% of GDPIndustry26.1% of GDPAgriculture17.1% of GDPManufacturing13.2%part of industry
- Households
- +63.8%
- Government
- +15.4%
- Investment
- +26.9%
- Exports
- +32.5%
- Imports
- −38.6%
The shape of the economyGDP by end useSource:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Inflation2025
- 1.4%up 0.6 percentage points0.6pp from 2024
- Labor force2024
- 5.9 million (32% of population)World Rank76thof 187
- Labor force participation2024
- 51.9% of people aged 15+
- Unemployment2024
- 2.8%
- Youth unemployment2024
- 3.9% ages 15 to 24
- Labor productivity2024
- $6.1 per hour worked at PPP
- Budget balance2025
- 6.4% of GDP deficit
- Current account
- 1.2% of GDP, $452 million deficit
Source: - Debt2024
- Central government debt113.7% of GDPInterest on debt4.1% of GDP
- Trade2023
- Goods$5.5 billion78.9%
- Services$1.5 billion21.1%
- Total exports
- $7 billion
- Change from 2022
- down 5.6 percent on the previous year5.6%
Sources:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- 2024
- −0.52World Rank98thof 145
- Projected GDP growth
- +2.7% a year over the next 10 years
Source:- Atlas of Economic Complexity ↗ - Harvard Growth Lab
- Agricultural products2024
- Millet, Groundnuts (in shell), Cow peas (dry), and 7 more
- 1Millet32.2×
- 2Groundnuts (in shell)26.3×
- 3Cow peas (dry)19×
- 4Watermelons11.7×
- 5Sorghum6.2×
- 6Cassava (fresh)3.8×
- 7Onions and shallots (dry)3.4×
- 8Cabbages2×
- 9Mangoes and guavas and mangosteens1.8×
- 10Rice1.7×
ProductSource:- FAOSTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Industries
- agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining, zircon, and gold mining, construction materials, ship construction and repair
- Income level, GDP by sector, Trade:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- GDP (nominal), GDP growth (real), GDP per capita (PPP), Inflation, Budget balance:IMF World Economic Outlook ↗
- Labor force, Labor force participation, Unemployment, Youth unemployment, Labor productivity:ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
- Debt:IMF Global Debt Database ↗
- Debt:IMF Public Finances in Modern History ↗
- Trade, Industries:The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- Economic Complexity Index:Atlas of Economic Complexity ↗ - Harvard Growth Lab
- Agricultural products:FAOSTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
Cost of Living
- Cost of living index
- Loading
- Monthly costs (excluding rent)
- Loading
- Rent
- Loading
- Buying an apartment
- Loading
- Average gross salary2025
- F CFA 161,915 per month$278 (USD), $715 (PPP)
- Median
- F CFA 86,667 per month($149)
- Men
- F CFA 175,046 per month($301)
- Women
- F CFA 125,788 per month($216)
Source:- ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
- 2024
- F CFA 64,175 per month, gross$106 (USD), $280 (PPP)
- Average gross salary, Minimum wage:ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
Society
- 2023
- 0.530LowWorld Rank169thof 193SenegalWorld
Human Development Index by year Year Senegal World 1990 0.377 0.608 1991 0.379 0.611 1992 0.381 0.614 1993 0.382 0.617 1994 0.382 0.620 1995 0.384 0.625 1996 0.385 0.631 1997 0.386 0.636 1998 0.389 0.641 1999 0.392 0.646 2000 0.398 0.651 2001 0.404 0.657 2002 0.409 0.662 2003 0.416 0.669 2004 0.423 0.675 2005 0.430 0.681 2006 0.438 0.688 2007 0.450 0.694 2008 0.462 0.698 2009 0.470 0.701 2010 0.477 0.707 2011 0.491 0.713 2012 0.499 0.717 2013 0.504 0.721 2014 0.508 0.726 2015 0.509 0.731 2016 0.516 0.735 2017 0.517 0.739 2018 0.522 0.741 2019 0.520 0.745 2020 0.522 0.742 2021 0.522 0.742 2022 0.526 0.752 2023 0.530 0.756 Source:- Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- 2021
- 36.2
- Mean years of schooling2023
- 2.9 years
- Expected for a child today
- 9.1 years
Source:- Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- Literacy2023
- 50.4% of adults
- Education expenditure2023
- 6.2% of GDP
- Share of government spending
- 22.5%
Source:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Internet users2024
- 60.1% of the population
- Households with Internet access
- 66%
Source:- ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Mobile subscriptions2024
- 22.9 million
- Fixed telephone lines
- 297,046
- Fixed broadband
- 4 subscriptions per 100 people
Counts subscriptions, not people.
Source:- ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Credit-card ownership2024
- 9% of adults
- Debit-card ownership
- 33%
- Account at a bank or mobile-money provider
- 76%
- Mobile-money account
- 67%
- Made or received a digital payment
- 73%
Source:- Global Findex Database ↗ - World Bank
- Refugees hosted2025
- 11,886 people
- Asylum seekers
- 1,485
- Internally displaced persons
- 5,900(2024)All due to conflicts
- Refugees from Senegal abroad
- 12,992
Sources:- Refugee Data Finder ↗ - UN Refugee Agency
- Global Internal Displacement Database ↗ - Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
- Inbound tourists2017latest available
- 1.4 million arrivalsOfficial tourism site
- Per resident
- 8.8 arrivals per 100 residents
- Same-day visitors
- 11,000 arrivals
- $649.7 million(2023)
- Domestic trips
- 548,000 overnight trips by residents
- $353.5 million(2023)
- Hotel beds
- 55,000
- Average hotel stay
- 3 nights
Overnight arrivals by year2010 to 2017A tourist stays at least one night. Arrivals count trips, not people.
Source:- UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites
- 7 sites5 cultural2 natural
Site Type Island of Gorée Cultural Niokolo-Koba National Park Natural Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary Natural Island of Saint-Louis Cultural Stone Circles of Senegambia Cultural Saloum Delta Cultural Bassari Country: Bassari, Fula, and Bedik Cultural Landscapes Cultural Source:- The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- Human Development Index, Mean years of schooling:Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- Income inequality (Gini), Education expenditure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Literacy:UIS Data Browser ↗ - UNESCO Institute for Statistics
- Internet users, Mobile subscriptions:ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Credit-card ownership:Global Findex Database ↗ - World Bank
- Refugees hosted:Refugee Data Finder ↗ - UN Refugee Agency
- Refugees hosted:Global Internal Displacement Database ↗ - Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
- Inbound tourists:UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites:The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
Crime & Safety
- Travel advisory (US)
- Loading
- Active humanitarian crisisAug 2026
- None - no active crisis
- Crime rates
- 5 offence categories
Offence Per 100,000 Count Year Sexual violence 0.9 128 2016 Kidnapping 0.0 2 2015 Burglary 0.3 45 2016 Theft 17.2 2,503 2015 Vehicle theft 0.0 7 2016 A low figure can also mean weak recording.
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Prison population2023
- 72.9 per 100,000 people
- Persons held
- 13,185
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Active humanitarian crisis:INFORM Severity Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
- Crime rates, Prison population:UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
Health
- Life expectancy2026
- 69.4 years
- Health expenditure2023
- 4.3% of GDP$73 per person
- Physicians2023
- 0.11 per 1,000 population
- Hospital beds2019
- 0.7 per 1,000 population
- Infant mortality2026
- 21.4 per 1,000 live births
- Maternal mortality2023
- 237 per 100,000 live births
- Alcohol consumption2022
- 0.4 litres of pure alcohol per adult per year
- Tobacco use2023
- 5.7% of adults
- Men
- 10.7%
- Women
- 0.7%
Source:- Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- Road traffic deaths2019
- 23.5 per 100,000 population
- Life expectancy, Infant mortality:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Health expenditure, Physicians, Hospital beds, Road traffic deaths:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Maternal mortality:Maternal mortality estimates ↗ - UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-agency Group
- Alcohol consumption, Tobacco use:Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
Environment
- CO₂ emissions2024
- 14.2 Mt per yearup 3.5 percent on the previous year3.5% from 2023
- CO₂ per capita
- 0.7 t per personWorld Rank160thof 207
- Share of global CO₂
- 0.04%
- Methane (CH₄)
- 12.3 Mt CO₂-eq
- Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- 3.74 Mt CO₂-eq
- Fluorinated gases
- 1.44 Mt CO₂-eq
- All greenhouse gases
- 31.7 Mt CO₂-eq
Source:- Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- 2024
- 12.7 µg/m³ of PM2.50.8 years of life expectancy lost against the WHO guidelineMost polluted110thof 236
- WHO guideline
- 5 µg/m³
- National standard
- 25 µg/m³
Source:- Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues
- deforestation
- overgrazing
- soil erosion
- desertification
- droughts
- seasonal flooding
- overfishing
- weak environmental laws
- poaching
Source:- The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- International agreements
- 19 of 20 landmark treaties in forceParty to 95 multilateral environmental agreements
Treaty Standing Joined Climate Paris Agreement in force 2016 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in force 1995 Kyoto Protocol in force 2005 Ozone layer Montreal Protocol in force 1993 Vienna Convention (Ozone Layer) in force 1993 Biodiversity Convention on Biological Diversity in force 1995 CITES in force 1977 Convention on Migratory Species (Bonn) in force 1988 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety in force 2004 Nagoya Protocol in force 2016 Land and heritage Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in force 1977 World Heritage Convention in force 1976 UN Convention to Combat Desertification in force 1996 Chemicals and waste Basel Convention in force 1993 Rotterdam Convention (PIC) in force 2004 Stockholm Convention (POPs) in force 2004 Minamata Convention on Mercury in force 2017 Oceans UN Convention on the Law of the Sea in force 1994 High Seas Treaty (BBNJ) signed 2025, not ratified MARPOL 73/78 in force 1997 Source:- International Environmental Agreements Database ↗ - Université Laval
- CO₂ emissions:Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- Air pollution:Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues:The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- International agreements:International Environmental Agreements Database ↗ - Université Laval
Food & Water
- No access to safe drinking water2022
- 21.5% of the population
- Renewable water2022
- 39 billion m³ per year
- Per person
- 2,208 m³ per year
- Dependency ratio
- 34% originates outside the country
- Annual water withdrawal
- 3 billion m³ per year
- Withdrawn for agriculture
- 91%
- Water stress
- 16% of available freshwater withdrawn
Source:- AQUASTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Undernourishment2022
- 4.5% of the population800,000 people
- Obesity2024
- 11.6% of adults
- Men
- 4.7%
- Women
- 18.4%
Source:- Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- Underweight children2023
- 16.2% of children under five
- No access to safe drinking water, Renewable water:AQUASTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Undernourishment:Food security indicators (FAOSTAT) ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Obesity:Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- Underweight children:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
Energy
- Energy consumption2024
- Per capita
- 9.72 GJ per person
- Share of world total
- 0.03%
- Supply
- Deficitproduces 4% of what it consumes, 2024
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Electricity2024
- Imports only, 0.5 TWh imported, nothing exported in 20247.6 TWh generated per year
- Generation
- 7.6 TWh per year
- Consumption
- 7.2 TWh per year
- Imports
- 0.5 TWh per year
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Energy consumption, Electricity, Oil, gas & coal:International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
Defense
- Military expenditure2024
- 1.6% of GDP$514.9 million, 5.4% of government spending
- Military personnel2025
- approximately 25,000active Armed Forces personnel, including the Gendarmerie
- Military service2025
- 18–28up to 35 for specialized roles; 24-month service commitment
- Space program2025
- Senegalese Space Study Agency (Agence Sénégalaise d'Etudes Spatiales or ASES; launched in 2023 under the Ministry of Higher Education, Research, and Innovation)
Small, nascent program focused on earth observation/remote sensing capabilities, largely for climate resilience, environmental management, research, and socio-economic development; conducts research in fields such as astronomy and planetary sciences; has cooperated with space agencies in China, France, Turkey, and the US, as well as the ESA
- 2023
- Signed cooperation agreement with ESA to leverage space technology for socio-economic growth; established a space control center to provide infrastructure for satellite manufacturing and satellite services
- 2024
- First Earth observation/remote sensing nanosatellite (GaindeSat-1A) built with French assistance and launched by US; signed agreement with Turkey on space infrastructure advancement; agreed to participate in China's lunar exploration/research station project
- 2025
- Signed US-led Artemis Accords for space and lunar exploration; signed agreement with France for capacity development in space infrastructure and Earth observation initiatives
Key milestones
Source:- The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- Nuclear weapons2026
- None - no nuclear arsenal
- Military expenditure:SIPRI Military Expenditure Database ↗ - Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
- Military expenditure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Military personnel, Military service, Space program:The World Factbook: Senegal - CIA
- Nuclear weapons:Status of World Nuclear Forces ↗ - Federation of American Scientists
