National Identity

Official name
State of Palestine
National emblem
National flag
National flag of the State of Palestine
National anthem
Fida’i (فدائي)
0:58

Geography

Location
West Bank
Middle East, west of Jordan, east of Israel
Gaza Strip
Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Israel
Total area
Land borders
550 km(3 countries)
Coastline
40 km
Terrain
West Bank
Mostly rugged, dissected upland in west, flat plains descending to Jordan River Valley to the east
Gaza Strip
Flat to rolling, sand- and dune-covered coastal plain
Highest point
1,020 mKhallat al Batrakh
Lowest point
−431 mDead Sea
Climate
West Bank
Temperate; temperature and precipitation vary with altitude, warm to hot summers, cool to mild winters
Gaza Strip
Temperate, mild winters, dry and warm to hot summers
Weather
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Land use2023
Arable7.0%Perm. crops11.8%Pasture46.1%Forest1.8%Other32.1%
Major lakes
Dead Sea1,020 km²
Natural hazards2026
Earthquakes4.8Medium#74/191
Epidemics3.8Medium#131/191
Tsunamis1.0Very low#97/191

Demographics

Population change2026
+1.85% per year+103,167 people/year
World Rank53rdof 237
2026
20.3 years
World Rank197thof 237
Age structure2026
0-14 years37.0%15-64 years59.0%65 years +3.9%
2026
3.13 births per woman
replacement 2.1
01234
World Rank52ndof 237
1.03 above the replacement level for the State of Palestine ()
1.50 daughters per woman
replacement 1.0
00.511.5
0.50 above replacement, long-run each generation larger than the last
2026
+22.5 per 1,000 populationfor every 1,000 people, 22.5 more births than deaths a year
2026
−3.5 per 1,000 population
Urbanization2026
87.6% live in cities4,989,422 urban residents
Largest cities2017latest available
Gaza, East Jerusalem, Khan Yunis, Jabalia
Population distribution
The most populous Palestinian communities in the West Bank are located in the central ridge and western half of its territory; Jewish settlements are located throughout the West Bank, the most populous in the Seam Zone (between the 1949 Armistice Line and the separation barrier) and around Jerusalem.
Ethnic groups
Palestinian Arab, Jewish, Other
Religions2012
Muslim80-85%Jewish12-14%Christian1-2.5%Other, unaffiliated, unspecified<1%
Languages
Arabic (العربية)

Government & Administration

Form of state
Republic
System of government
Semi-presidential
System in practice
Unified authority
Territorial organisation
Unitary
Transitional arrangement
Yes
Territorial control
ContestedThe State of Israel controls Area C of the West Bank, East Jerusalem and parts of the Gaza Strip; Hamas controls other parts of the Gaza Strip.
Official websites
Capital
RamallahDe facto38,998 people(2017)
National holidays
18 days in 2026
Time
EETEastern European TimeUTC+2 (UTC+3 in summer)
Calling code
+970
Internet TLD
.ps
ISO 3166-1 codes
PS, PSE
Infrastructure

Economy

Lower middle income
GDP growth (real)2025
+4.3% per year
World Rank54thof 195
GDP per capita (PPP)2025
2024
Services60.2% of GDP
Industry16.3% of GDP
Agriculture5.5% of GDP
Manufacturing11.3%part of industry
Inflation2025
10.5%down 43.1 percentage points43.1pp from 2024
Labor force2022
1.5 million (28% of population)
World Rank136thof 187
Labor force participation2022
45.0% of people aged 15+
Unemployment2022
24.4%
Youth unemployment2022
36.1% ages 15 to 24
Labor productivity2022
$12.7 per hour worked at PPP
Budget balance2025
0.6% of GDP deficit
Debt2023
Central government debt48.5% of GDP
Trade2025
Agricultural products2022
Olive oil, Raw milk of sheep, Olives, and 7 more
Industries
  • small-scale manufacturing, quarrying, textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs

Cost of Living

Cost of living index
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Monthly costs (excluding rent)
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Rent
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Buying an apartment
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Society

2023
0.674Medium
World Rank133rdof 193
2023
36.4
Mean years of schooling2023
10.1 years
Literacy2024
97.9% of adults
Education expenditure2021
5.4% of GDP
Internet users2023
86.6% of the population
Mobile subscriptions2023
4.1 million
Credit-card ownership2024
8% of adults
Inbound tourists2020latest available
170,000 arrivalsdown 85% against 201985% below 2019
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
4 sites4 cultural

Crime & Safety

Travel advisory (US)
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Active humanitarian crisisAug 2026
Very high8.4 out of 10Conflict and violence
Homicide rate2024
0.3 per 100,000 people
World Rank110thof 115
Very low by global standards
Crime rates
7 offence categories
Prison population2022
76.7 per 100,000 people

Health

Health expenditure2023
10.7% of GDP$346 per person
Physicians2018
2.17 per 1,000 population
Hospital beds2022
1.3 per 1,000 population
Infant mortality2026
10.6 per 1,000 live births
Maternal mortality2023
16 per 100,000 live births
Tobacco use2024
35.5% of adults
Road traffic deaths2016
5.3 per 100,000 population

Environment

2024
17.8 µg/m³ of PM2.51.3 years of life expectancy lost against the WHO guideline
Most polluted72ndof 236
Environmental issues
  • adequacy of freshwater supply
  • sewage treatment
International agreements
14 of 20 landmark treaties in forceParty to 26 multilateral environmental agreements

Food & Water

No access to safe drinking water2022
41.6% of the population
Renewable water2022
0.8 billion m³ per year
Obesity2024
37.4% of adults
Underweight children2020
2.1% of children under five

Energy

Energy consumption2024
0.1 EJ per yearup 0.9 percent on the previous year0.9% from 2023total primary energy
Electricity2024
1 TWh generated per year
Imports only, 7 TWh imported in 2024, exports not reported
Oil, gas & coal
No domestic productionconsumes 34,405 b/d in 2024
Consumption202434,405 b/d

Oil imports and exports count crude oil only.

Defense

Military personnel2024
approximately 28,000PA police and security forces, including about 11,500 National Security Forces
Nuclear weapons2026
None - no nuclear arsenal

International Memberships