Overseas collectivity of the French Republic under Article 74 of the Constitution. Its own statute, set by organic law, defines the powers exercised locally and the application of French law.
National Identity
- Official name
- Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon
- Official name (in French)
- Collectivité Territoriale de Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon
- Name etymology
Saint-Pierre and Miquelon is reputed to be named after two navigators, one called Peter and one called Michael (in a nickname form) or Mikelon, a Basque name
Sources:- General Code of Territorial Collectivities - Book IV: Saint-Pierre-and-Miquelon (Articles LO6411-1 to LO6475-2) - Article LO6411-1 ↗ - Légifrance – The Public Service for the Dissemination of Law
- The World Factbook: Saint Pierre and Miquelon - CIA
- National flag
- National anthem
- La MarseillaiseThe national anthem of France.1:19
- Title (in French)
- La Marseillaise
- Title (in English, translated)
- The Song of Marseille
- Lyrics
1Allons enfants de la Patrie, Le jour de gloire est arrivé! Contre nous de la tyrannie, L’étendard sanglant est levé! L’étendard sanglant est levé! Entendez-vous dans les campagnes Mugir ces féroces soldats? Ils viennent jusque dans nos bras Egorger nos fils et nos compagnes!
ChorusAux armes, citoyens! Formez vos bataillons! Marchons! marchons! Qu’un sang impur Abreuve nos sillons!
2Que veut cette horde d’esclaves, De traîtres, de rois conjurés? Pour qui ces ignobles entraves, Ces fers dès longtemps préparés? Ces fers dès longtemps préparés? Français, pour nous, ah! quel outrage! Quels transports il doit exciter! C’est nous qu’on ose méditer De rendre à l’antique esclavage!
Aux armes, citoyens!3Quoi ! ces cohortes étrangères Feraient la loi dans nos foyers! Quoi ! ces phalanges mercenaires Terrasseraient nos fiers guerriers! Terrasseraient nos fiers guerriers! Grand Dieu ! par des mains enchaînées Nos fronts sous le joug se ploieraient! De vils despotes deviendraient Les maîtres de nos destinées!
Aux armes, citoyens!4Tremblez, tyrans et vous perfides, L’opprobre de tous les partis, Tremblez ! vos projets parricides Vont enfin recevoir leurs prix! Vont enfin recevoir leurs prix! Tout est soldat pour vous combattre, S’ils tombent, nos jeunes héros, La terre en produit de nouveaux, Contre vous tout prêts à se battre!
Aux armes, citoyens!5Français, en guerriers magnanimes, Portez ou retenez vos coups! Epargnez ces tristes victimes, A regret s’armant contre nous. A regret s’armant contre nous. Mais ces despotes sanguinaires, Mais ces complices de Bouillé, Tous ces tigres qui, sans pitié, Déchirent le sein de leur mère!
Aux armes, citoyens!6Amour sacré de la Patrie, Conduis, soutiens nos bras vengeurs! Liberté, Liberté chérie, Combats avec tes défenseurs! Combats avec tes défenseurs! Sous nos drapeaux, que la victoire Accoure à tes mâles accents! Que tes ennemis expirants Voient ton triomphe et notre gloire !
Aux armes, citoyens!7Nous entrerons dans la carrière Quand nos aînés n’y seront plus; Nous y trouverons leur poussière Et la trace de leurs vertus. Et la trace de leurs vertus. Bien moins jaloux de leur survivre Que de partager leur cercueil, Nous aurons le sublime orgueil De les venger ou de les suivre !
Aux armes, citoyens!Source: - Citizens
- Frenchmen, Frenchwomen
- Official name:General Code of Territorial Collectivities - Book IV: Saint-Pierre-and-Miquelon (Articles LO6411-1 to LO6475-2) - Article LO6411-1 ↗ - Légifrance – The Public Service for the Dissemination of Law
- Official name, Citizens:The World Factbook: Saint Pierre and Miquelon - CIA
- National anthem:nationalanthems.info ↗
Geography
- Location
- Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)
- Total area
- 242 km²
- Land area
- 242 km²
- Water area
- 0.00 km²
- Land borders
- None
- Coastline
- 120 km
- Terrain
Mostly barren rock - Highest point
- 240 mMorne de la Grande Montagne
- Lowest point
- 0 mAtlantic Ocean
- Climate
Cold and wet, with considerable mist and fog; spring and autumn are often windy - Avg. temperature
- 5.9 °C
- Avg. daily range
- 4.8 to 7.2 °C
- Annual precipitation
- 1,573 mm
Temperature °CMeanDaily rangePrecipitation mmMonthly climate normals Month Avg. high, °C Mean, °C Avg. low, °C Precipitation, mm January 0.6 −1.5 −3.3 153 February −0.2 −2.3 −4 132 March 0.7 −1 −2.3 132 April 2.7 1.5 0.6 114 May 5.4 4.4 3.6 110 June 9.3 8.4 7.7 114 July 14.2 13.4 12.8 120 August 17.1 16.3 15.7 107 September 15 14 13.1 133 October 10.9 9.7 8.7 147 November 7.1 5.6 4.3 152 December 3.5 1.7 0.2 160 Country-wide averages over 1991–2020.
Sources:- The World Factbook: Saint Pierre and Miquelon - CIA
- Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Weather
- Loading
- Land use2023
- Arable8.7%Forest5.0%Other86.3%
- Arable land
- 2,000 hectares (8.7%)
- Forest
- 1,144 hectares (5.0%)
- Other land
- 19,856 hectares (86.3%)
Source:
- Location, Land borders, Coastline, Terrain, Highest point, Lowest point, Climate:The World Factbook: Saint Pierre and Miquelon - CIA
- Climate:Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Land use:FAOSTAT Land Use domain ↗ - FAO
Demographics
- Population change2026
- −1.09% per year−61 people/yearWorld Rank229thof 237
- Birth rate
- 5.3 per 1,000 population
- Death rate
- 14.4 per 1,000 population
- Net migration rate
- −1.7 per 1,000 population
- 2026
- 47.6 yearsWorld Rank9thof 237
- Age structure2026
- 0-14 years12.3%15-64 years66.3%65 years +21.4%
- Share aged 65 and over
- 21.4%
- Share aged under 18
- 16.3%
- Total dependency ratio
- 51
- Youth dependency ratio
- 19
- Elderly dependency ratio
- 32
- Sex ratio
- 0.97 male / female
MaleAgeFemalePopulation by age group, % of total population Age Male Female 80+ 1.8% 3.4% 70-79 4.3% 4.9% 60-69 8.1% 7.7% 50-59 8.8% 9.2% 40-49 6.8% 6.8% 30-39 4.9% 5.2% 20-29 5.0% 4.2% 10-19 6.3% 6.3% 0-9 3.5% 3.3% - 2026
- 0.82 below the replacement level for Saint Pierre and Miquelon ()1.29 births per womanreplacement 2.10123World Rank213thof 237
- 0.62 daughters per woman0.38 below replacement, long-run each generation smaller than the lastreplacement 1.000.511.5
- 2026
- −9.1 per 1,000 populationfor every 1,000 people, 9.1 more deaths than births a year
- 2026
- −1.7 per 1,000 population
- Urbanization2026
- 90.2% live in cities4,974 urban residents
- Largest communes2023
- Saint-Pierre, Miquelon-LangladeRankCommunePopulation (2023 estimate)1Saint-Pierre5,1942Miquelon-Langlade596Source:
- National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, France (2023 estimate), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution
- Most of the population is found on Saint Pierre Island; a small settlement is located on the north end of Miquelon Island.
- Ethnic groups
- Basques and Bretons, descended from French fishermen.
- Religions
- Roman Catholic99.0%Other1.0%
- Languages
- French (Français)
- Population, Population change, Median age, Age structure, Total fertility rate, Net reproduction rate, Natural change, Net migration rate:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Urbanization:UN World Urbanization Prospects ↗
- Largest cities:National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, France (2023 estimate), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution, Ethnic groups, Religions:The World Factbook: Saint Pierre and Miquelon - CIA
Government & Administration
- Form of state
- RepublicShared with France: the President of the French Republic is head of state.Part of the French Republic as an overseas collectivity governed by Article 74, styled "territorial collectivity of Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon" (Constitution, Art. 72-3; CGCT, art. LO 6411-1).Sources:
- Constitution du 4 octobre 1958, as at the twenty-fifth revision (8 March 2024) ↗, Constitution, Art. 72-3; CGCT, art. LO 6411-1
- Loi organique n° 2007-223 du 21 février 2007 portant dispositions statutaires et institutionnelles relatives à l'outre-mer (texte adopté n° 675, 7 février 2007) ↗, Constitution, Art. 72-3; CGCT, art. LO 6411-1
- System of government
- ParliamentaryThe territorial council elects its president and may remove him by a motion of no confidence; the French Government may dissolve the council when its functioning proves impossible (CGCT, arts. LO 6432-1, LO 6432-2, LO 6431-5).Sources:
- Constitution du 4 octobre 1958, as at the twenty-fifth revision (8 March 2024) ↗, CGCT, arts. LO 6432-1, LO 6432-2, LO 6431-5
- Loi organique n° 2007-223 du 21 février 2007 portant dispositions statutaires et institutionnelles relatives à l'outre-mer (texte adopté n° 675, 7 février 2007) ↗, CGCT, arts. LO 6432-1, LO 6432-2, LO 6431-5
- Official websites
- Government (in French)
- Capital
- Saint-Pierre5,223 people(2022)
- National holidays
- 11 days in 2026
- ThuJan 1New Year's Day
- MonApr 6Easter Monday
- FriMay 1Labor Day
- FriMay 8Victory Day
- ThuMay 14Ascension Day
- MonMay 25Pentecost Monday
- TueJul 14National Day
- SatAug 15Assumption Day
- SunNov 1All Saints' Day
- WedNov 11Armistice Day
- FriDec 25Christmas Day
Nationwide public holidays only, excluding regional, bank and government-only days.
- Time
- Currency
- Euro (EUR)
- Entry requirements
- Official visa and entry information
- Calling code
- +508
- Internet TLD
- .pm
- ISO 3166-1 codes
- PM, SPM
- Infrastructure
- Airports2 airports
- Key ports
- Miquelon, St. Pierre
- By size
- 1 small
- With oil terminals
- 1
Source:- The World Factbook: Saint Pierre and Miquelon - CIA
- Flag carrier
- Air Saint-Pierre
- Form of state, System of government:Constitution du 4 octobre 1958, as at the twenty-fifth revision (8 March 2024) ↗ - Constitutional Council of France
- Form of state, System of government:Loi organique n° 2007-223 du 21 février 2007 portant dispositions statutaires et institutionnelles relatives à l'outre-mer (texte adopté n° 675, 7 février 2007) ↗ - National Assembly of France
- National holidays:Open World Holidays Framework (vacanza/holidays) ↗
- Infrastructure:The World Factbook: Saint Pierre and Miquelon - CIA
Economy
- Trade2023
- Canada78%
- Ireland5%
- France5%
- Djibouti4%
- United Kingdom2%
Source:- The World Factbook: Saint Pierre and Miquelon - CIA
- Industries
- fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets
- tourism
- Trade, Industries:The World Factbook: Saint Pierre and Miquelon - CIA
Cost of Living
Society
- Official tourism site
- Official tourism site
Crime & Safety
Health
- Life expectancy2026
- 77.3 years
- Infant mortality2026
- 7.4 per 1,000 live births
- Life expectancy, Infant mortality:UN World Population Prospects ↗
Environment
- CO₂ emissions2024
- 0.03 Mt per yeardown 0.4 percent on the previous year0.4% from 2023
- CO₂ per capita
- 4.1 t per personWorld Rank76thof 207
- Share of global CO₂
- < 0.01%
- Methane (CH₄)
- 0.01 Mt CO₂-eq
- Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- 0 Mt CO₂-eq
- All greenhouse gases
- 0.04 Mt CO₂-eq
Source:- Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- 2024
- 4.2 µg/m³ of PM2.5Most polluted188thof 236
- WHO guideline
- 5 µg/m³
Source:- Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues
- overfishing
- CO₂ emissions:Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- Air pollution:Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues:The World Factbook: Saint Pierre and Miquelon - CIA
Food & Water
Energy
- Energy consumption2024
- Per capita
- 193 GJ per person
- Share of world total
- < 0.01%
- Supply
- Production endedlast produced in 2013
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Electricity2024
- No electricity trade0.1 TWh generated per year
- Generation
- 0.1 TWh per year
- Consumption
- 0 TWh per year
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Oil, gas & coal
- No domestic productionconsumes 492 b/d in 2024Consumption2024492 b/d
Oil imports and exports count crude oil only.
- Energy consumption, Electricity, Oil, gas & coal:International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration