National Identity
- Official name
- Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
- Name etymology
explorer Christopher COLUMBUS named the larger island "La Isla de la Trinidad" (The Island of the Trinity) in 1498, possibly because of the three mountain peaks on the island; COLUMBUS may have gotten the name Tobago, spelled "tobaco" in Spanish, from the tobacco grown and smoked locally, or from its elongated cigar shape
Sources:- Constitution of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago ACT ↗ - Digital Legislative Library - Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
- The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
- Coat of arms
- National flag
As published by the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago On a Red Field, a Bend Dexter Sable bordered Silver, that is to say, there is on the Red Field a diagonal from left to right in Black bordered with White.
As published in EnglishAs published by the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago SIGNIFICANCE OF THE COLOURS OF THE FLAG
The Black represents the dedication of the people joined together by one strong bond. It is the colour of strength, of unity of purpose, and of the wealth of the land.
Red is the colour most expressive of our country; it represents the vitality of the land and its peoples; it is the warmth and energy of the sun, the courage and friendliness of the people.
White is the sea by which these lands are bound; the cradle of our heritage; the purity of our aspirations and the equality of all men under the sun.
Thus, the colours chosen - Black, White and Red - represent the elements of Earth, Water and Fire which encompass all our past, present and future; and inspire us as one united, vital, free and dedicated people.
As published in EnglishAs published by the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago The first flag to be unfurled over Trinidad, indeed the very first flag to wave over the Caribbean, was the Royal Standard of Spain. Four hundred and seventy years ago Columbus brought to the Caribbean the symbol of Iberian culture—the gold castle of Castile on a field of blood and the ruddy lion of León rampant on silver.
As published in EnglishAs published by the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago The Spanish Flag, originally the Standard of Castile and León, which had spanned three hundred years of Trinidad's history, gave way in 1797 to another flag from Europe - the Union Jack borne by Sir Ralph Abercromby.
As published in EnglishAs published by the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago In 1959 the Government felt that the territory should possess its own distinctive flag, to which it had long been entitled. This flag (which had not been used previously) was designed in that year and contained the Blue Ensign emblazoned with the Arms of the Colony. It was hoisted for the first time on July 10, 1959.
As published in EnglishAs published by the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago On June 8, 1962 the Right Honourable the Secretary of State for the Colonies announced from London that it had been decided at the Conference that the Colony was to be granted Independence on August 31, 1962. [...] A Committee which had been appointed by Government to advise on the design of the Flag and the Arms of the new Nation, to choose a Motto for it, and to consider suggestions from the public on these matters, submitted its report on June 26. Cabinet immediately approved the report, and a picture of the National Flag was published.
As published in EnglishAs published by the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago At the stroke of the midnight hour chiming in our Independence our National Flag was unfurled for the first time, ushering in the dawn of a new era. Immediately before this the Union Jack was lowered, reverently and with dignity, closing the final chapter of our history as a British Colony.
As published in EnglishSources:- natt.gov.tt ↗ - the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago
- natt.gov.tt ↗ - the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago
- natt.gov.tt ↗ - the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago
- National anthem
- Forged From the Love of Liberty1:15
- Title
- Forged From the Love of Liberty
- Lyrics
- English
Forged from the love of liberty, In the fires of hope and prayer, With boundless faith in our Destiny, We solemnly declare, Side by side we stand, Islands of the blue Caribbean Sea, This our Native Land, We pledge our lives to Thee, Here every creed and race finds an equal place, And may God bless our Nation, Here every creed and race finds an equal place, And may God bless our Nation.
Source: - Citizens
- Trinidadians, Tobagonians
- Official name:Constitution of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago ACT ↗ - Digital Legislative Library - Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
- Official name, Citizens:The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
- National flag:natt.gov.tt ↗ - the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago
- National flag:natt.gov.tt ↗ - the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago
- National flag:natt.gov.tt ↗ - the National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago
- National anthem:nationalanthems.info ↗
Geography
- Location
- Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela
- Total area
- 5,128 km²
- Land area
- 5,128 km²
- Water area
- 0.00 km²
- Land borders
- None
- Coastline
- 362 km
- Terrain
Mostly plains with some hills and low mountains - Mean elevation
- 83 m
- Highest point
- 940 mEl Cerro del Aripo
- Lowest point
- 0 mCaribbean Sea
- Climate
Tropical rainy season (June to December) - Avg. temperature
- 26.3 °C
- Avg. daily range
- 24.7 to 28.4 °C
- Annual precipitation
- 1,465 mm
Temperature °CMeanDaily rangePrecipitation mmMonthly climate normals Month Avg. high, °C Mean, °C Avg. low, °C Precipitation, mm January 27.5 25.4 23.8 72 February 27.7 25.5 23.8 44 March 28.2 25.9 24.1 43 April 28.7 26.5 24.8 50 May 28.9 26.8 25.1 89 June 28.3 26.4 24.9 170 July 28.3 26.3 24.7 183 August 28.8 26.7 25 188 September 29.3 27.1 25.4 147 October 29 26.9 25.3 168 November 28.3 26.3 24.8 187 December 27.8 25.8 24.3 125 Country-wide averages over 1991–2020.
Sources:- The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
- Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Weather
- Loading
- Land use2023
- Arable4.9%Perm. crops4.3%Pasture1.4%Forest44.2%Other45.2%
- Arable land
- 25,000 hectares (4.9%)
- Permanent crops
- 22,000 hectares (4.3%)
- Permanent meadows & pastures
- 7,000 hectares (1.4%)
- Forest
- 226,898 hectares (44.2%)
- Other land
- 232,102 hectares (45.2%)
Source: - Natural hazards2026
- Epidemics6.9Very high#26/191Earthquakes5.9High#58/191Tropical cyclones5.7High#29/191Drought2.8Low#109/191Coastal floods2.7Low#113/191River floods0.0Very lowTsunamis0.0Very low
Scores out of 10, ranks out of 191 countries.
Source:- INFORM Risk Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
- Location, Land borders, Coastline, Terrain, Mean elevation, Highest point, Lowest point, Climate:The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
- Climate:Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Land use:FAOSTAT Land Use domain ↗ - FAO
- Natural hazards:INFORM Risk Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
Demographics
- Population change2026
- +0.14% per year+2,113 people/yearWorld Rank166thof 237
- Birth rate
- 10.1 per 1,000 population
- Death rate
- 9.2 per 1,000 population
- Net migration rate
- +0.1 per 1,000 population
- 2026
- 38.2 yearsWorld Rank84thof 237
- Age structure2026
- 0-14 years17.2%15-64 years69.3%65 years +13.5%
- Share aged 65 and over
- 13.5%
- Share aged under 18
- 21.0%
- Total dependency ratio
- 44
- Youth dependency ratio
- 25
- Elderly dependency ratio
- 19
- Sex ratio
- 0.98 male / female
MaleAgeFemalePopulation by age group, % of total population Age Male Female 80+ 0.6% 1.1% 70-79 2.8% 3.7% 60-69 5.3% 6.0% 50-59 6.1% 6.2% 40-49 8.4% 8.3% 30-39 7.8% 7.6% 20-29 6.4% 6.1% 10-19 6.3% 6.1% 0-9 5.6% 5.4% - 2026
- 0.58 below the replacement level for Trinidad and Tobago ()1.52 births per womanreplacement 2.10123World Rank163rdof 237
- 0.73 daughters per woman0.27 below replacement, long-run each generation smaller than the lastreplacement 1.000.511.5
- 2026
- +0.9 per 1,000 populationfor every 1,000 people, 0.9 more births than deaths a year
- 2026
- +0.1 per 1,000 population
- Urbanization2026
- 54.0% live in 816,853 urban residents
- Largest cities2011latest available
- Chaguanas, San Fernando, Port of Spain, ArimaRankCity or Urban CommunityPopulation (2011 census)1Chaguanas83,5162San Fernando48,8383Port of Spain37,0744Arima33,6065Sangre Grande20,7106Point Fortin20,2357Morvant17,5918Tunapuna16,7019San Juan15,77210Penal13,873Source:
- Central Statistical Office, Trinidad and Tobago (2011 census), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution
- Population on Trinidad is concentrated in the western half of the island, on Tobago in the southern half.
- Ethnic groups2011
- East Indian35.4%African descent34.2%Mixed - other15.3%Mixed - African/East Indian7.7%Other1.3%Unspecified6.2%
- Religions2011
- Protestant32.1%Roman Catholic21.6%Hindu18.2%Muslim5.0%Jehovah's Witness1.5%Other8.4%None2.2%Unspecified11.1%
- Protestant
- 32.1%
- Pentecostal/Evangelical/Full Gospel
- 12.0%
- Baptist
- 6.9%
- Anglican
- 5.7%
- Seventh Day Adventist
- 4.1%
- Presbyterian/Congregational
- 2.5%
- Other Protestant
- 0.9%
Source:- The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
- Languages
- English
- Population, Population change, Median age, Age structure, Total fertility rate, Net reproduction rate, Natural change, Net migration rate:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Urbanization:UN World Urbanization Prospects ↗
- Largest cities:Central Statistical Office, Trinidad and Tobago (2011 census), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution, Ethnic groups, Religions:The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
Government & Administration
- Form of state
- RepublicThe President is Head of State, elected by secret ballot by an Electoral College of all members of the Senate and the House of Representatives sitting together (ss. 22, 28, 29).
- System of government
- ParliamentaryThe President appoints as Prime Minister the House leader commanding majority support; the Cabinet is collectively responsible to Parliament, a majority no-confidence vote forces resignation or dissolution, and dissolution follows the Prime Minister's advice (ss. 68, 75, 76, 77).
- Territorial organisation
- Unitary
- Official websites
- Capital
- Port of Spain37,074 people(2011)
- National holidays
- 15 days in 2026
- ThuJan 1New Year's Day
- FriMar 20Eid al-Fitr (estimated)
- MonMar 30Spiritual Baptist Liberation Day
- FriApr 3Good Friday
- MonApr 6Easter Monday
- SatMay 30Indian Arrival Day
- ThuJun 4Corpus Christi
- FriJun 19Labor Day
- SatAug 1African Emancipation Day
- MonAug 31Independence Day
- ThuSep 24Republic Day
- SunNov 8Diwali
- MonNov 9Diwali (observed)
- FriDec 25Christmas Day
- SatDec 26Boxing Day
Nationwide public holidays only, excluding regional, bank and government-only days.
- Time
- ASTAtlantic Standard TimeUTC−4
- Currency
- Trinidad & Tobago Dollar (TTD)
- Entry requirements
- Official visa and entry information
- Calling code
- +1-868
- Internet TLD
- .tt
- ISO 3166-1 codes
- TT, TTO
- Infrastructure
- Passengers carried
- 2,028,649 by the country's airlines(2023)
- Aircraft departures
- 27,936 by the country's airlines(2023)
- Air freight
- 45.8 million tonne-km(2023)
- Aircraft registration prefix
- 9Y
Sources:- The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Flag carrier
- Caribbean AirlinesState-owned
- 2025
- 41 / 100World Rank81stof 182Confidence interval
Corruption index score by year Year Score Lower bound Upper bound 2012 39 32 47 2013 38 30 46 2014 38 30 46 2015 39 31 47 2016 35 31 39 2017 41 32 50 2018 41 31 51 2019 40 31.2 48.8 2020 40 33.9 46.1 2021 41 35 47 2022 42 35.7 48.3 2023 42 34 50 2024 41 33.7 48.3 2025 41 33.7 48.3 Source:- Corruption Perceptions Index 2025 ↗ - Transparency International, CC BY 4.0
- Form of state, System of government, Territorial organisation:Constitution of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago Act, Chap. 1:01, Laws of Trinidad and Tobago, revised edition ↗ - Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago
- National holidays:Open World Holidays Framework (vacanza/holidays) ↗
- Infrastructure:The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
- Infrastructure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Corruption Perceptions Index:Corruption Perceptions Index 2025 ↗ - Transparency International, CC BY 4.0
Economy
- High income
- GDP growth (real)2026
- +0.2% per yearWorld Rank180thof 195
- GDP per capita (PPP)2026
- GDP per capita (nominal)
- $18,603 (70th in the world)
Source:- 2024
- Services59.2% of GDPIndustry34.6% of GDPAgriculture0.8% of GDPManufacturing14.4%part of industryThe shape of the economySource:
- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Inflation2026
- 0.8%down 0.2 percentage points0.2pp from 2025
- Labor force2024
- 721,092 (48% of population)World Rank155thof 187
- Labor force participation2024
- 58.2% of people aged 15+
- Unemployment2024
- 3.3%
- Youth unemployment2024
- 8.0% ages 15 to 24
- Labor productivity2024
- $31.6 per hour worked at PPP
- Budget balance2026
- 4.2% of GDP deficit
- Current account
- 5.6% of GDP, $1.5 billion surplus
Source: - Debt2024
- Central government debt64.5% of GDPInterest on debt3.8% of GDP
- Trade2025
- Goods$10.2 billion88.9%
- Services$1.3 billion11.1%
- Total exports
- $11.5 billion
- Change from 2024
- up 2.1 percent on the previous year2.1%
Sources:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
- 2024
- +0.05World Rank80thof 145
- Projected GDP growth
- +2.4% a year over the next 10 years
Source:- Atlas of Economic Complexity ↗ - Harvard Growth Lab
- Agricultural products2024
- Yautia, Meat of chickens (fresh or chilled), Coconuts (in shell), and 7 more
- 1Yautia306.4×
- 2Meat of chickens (fresh or chilled)24×
- 3Coconuts (in shell)19.6×
- 4Taro13.4×
- 5Plantains and cooking bananas8×
- 6Lemons and limes7.1×
- 7Oranges5.5×
- 8Hen eggs in shell (fresh)2.9×
- 9Mangoes and guavas and mangosteens2.7×
- 10Bananas1.5×
ProductSource:- FAOSTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Gold reserves2024
- 2 tonnesWorth $163.5 million, 3% of total official reserves by value
- Industries
- petroleum and petroleum products, liquefied natural gas, methanol, ammonia, urea, steel products, beverages, food processing, cement, cotton textiles
- Income level, GDP by sector, Trade, Gold reserves:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- GDP (nominal), GDP growth (real), GDP per capita (PPP), Inflation, Budget balance:IMF World Economic Outlook ↗
- Labor force, Labor force participation, Unemployment, Youth unemployment, Labor productivity:ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
- Debt:IMF Global Debt Database ↗
- Debt:IMF Public Finances in Modern History ↗
- Trade, Industries:The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
- Economic Complexity Index:Atlas of Economic Complexity ↗ - Harvard Growth Lab
- Agricultural products:FAOSTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
Cost of Living
- Cost of living index
- Loading
- Monthly costs (excluding rent)
- Loading
- Rent
- Loading
- Buying an apartment
- Loading
- Average gross salary2016latest available
- TTD 5,758 per month$863 (USD), $1,276 (PPP)
- Median
- TTD 5,250 per month($787)
- Men
- TTD 6,076 per month($911)
- Women
- TTD 5,370 per month($805)
Source:- ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
- 2024
- TTD 3,550 per month, gross$526 (USD), $909 (PPP)
- Average gross salary, Minimum wage:ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
Society
- 2023
- 0.807Very highWorld Rank72ndof 193Trinidad and TobagoWorld
Human Development Index by year Year Trinidad and Tobago World 1990 0.661 0.608 1991 0.665 0.611 1992 0.665 0.614 1993 0.667 0.617 1994 0.672 0.620 1995 0.677 0.625 1996 0.684 0.631 1997 0.692 0.636 1998 0.700 0.641 1999 0.708 0.646 2000 0.714 0.651 2001 0.721 0.657 2002 0.730 0.662 2003 0.740 0.669 2004 0.750 0.675 2005 0.756 0.681 2006 0.766 0.688 2007 0.774 0.694 2008 0.782 0.698 2009 0.782 0.701 2010 0.789 0.707 2011 0.792 0.713 2012 0.796 0.717 2013 0.802 0.721 2014 0.805 0.726 2015 0.808 0.731 2016 0.806 0.735 2017 0.806 0.739 2018 0.803 0.741 2019 0.805 0.745 2020 0.800 0.742 2021 0.796 0.742 2022 0.805 0.752 2023 0.807 0.756 Source:- Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- Mean years of schooling2023
- 10.8 years
- Expected for a child today
- 14.2 years
Source:- Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- Education expenditure2023
- 3.2% of GDP
- Share of government spending
- 9.8%
Source:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Internet users2024
- 82.2% of the population
- Households with Internet access
- 83.8%
Source:- ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Mobile subscriptions2024
- 1.8 million
- Fixed telephone lines
- 297,734
- Fixed broadband
- 27 subscriptions per 100 people
Counts subscriptions, not people.
Source:- ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Credit-card ownership2017
- 16% of adults
- Debit-card ownership
- 61%
- Account at a bank or mobile-money provider
- 81%
- Made or received a digital payment
- 64%
Source:- Global Findex Database ↗ - World Bank
- Refugees hosted2025
- 2,040 people
- Asylum seekers
- 23,036
- Internally displaced persons
- 7(2022)All due to disasters
- Refugees from Trinidad and Tobago abroad
- 485
Sources:- Refugee Data Finder ↗ - UN Refugee Agency
- Global Internal Displacement Database ↗ - Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
- Inbound tourists2024
- Official tourism site334,000 arrivalsdown 14% against 201914% below 2019World Rank110thof 139
- Per resident
- 2.2 arrivals per 10 residents
- Same-day visitors
- 152,000 arrivals
- $755.5 million
- Spending per arrival
- $2,262
- Share of GDP
- 7.7% tourism direct GDP
- 1.5 million overnight trips by residents
- Residents' trips abroad
- 461,000 overnight trips
- $565 million
Overnight arrivals by year2010 to 2024A tourist stays at least one night. Arrivals count trips, not people.
Source:- UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
- Human Development Index, Mean years of schooling:Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- Education expenditure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Internet users, Mobile subscriptions:ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Credit-card ownership:Global Findex Database ↗ - World Bank
- Refugees hosted:Refugee Data Finder ↗ - UN Refugee Agency
- Refugees hosted:Global Internal Displacement Database ↗ - Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
- Inbound tourists:UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
Crime & Safety
- Travel advisory (US)
- Loading
- Active humanitarian crisisAug 2026
- Low3.3 out of 10International displacementSeverity by monthSep 2024 to Aug 2026What the score is made ofImpact of the crisis4.6Conditions of people affected2.4Complexity of the crisis3.6
Data reliability as rated by INFORM: High. Last updated Aug 31, 2026.
Source:- INFORM Severity Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
- Homicide rate2024
- Very high by global standards41.5 per 100,000 peopleWorld Rank2ndof 115
- Crime rates
- 7 offence categories
Offence Per 100,000 Count Year Homicide (victims) 41.5 626 2024 Serious assault 49.0 721 2018 Sexual violence 45.9 680 2020 Kidnapping 1.4 20 2018 Burglary 117.2 1,736 2020 Theft 109.3 1,619 2020 Vehicle theft 37.0 548 2020 A low figure can also mean weak recording.
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Prison population2021
- 255.6 per 100,000 people
- Persons held
- 3,802
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Active humanitarian crisis:INFORM Severity Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
- Homicide rate, Crime rates, Prison population:UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
Health
- Life expectancy2026
- 73.9 years
- Health expenditure2023
- 7.5% of GDP$1,276 per person
- Physicians2021
- 4.16 per 1,000 population
- Hospital beds2023
- 2.4 per 1,000 population
- Infant mortality2026
- 13.1 per 1,000 live births
- Maternal mortality2023
- 54 per 100,000 live births
- Alcohol consumption2022
- 4.8 litres of pure alcohol per adult per year
- Road traffic deaths2019
- 9.3 per 100,000 population
- Life expectancy, Infant mortality:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Health expenditure, Physicians, Hospital beds, Road traffic deaths:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Maternal mortality:Maternal mortality estimates ↗ - UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-agency Group
- Alcohol consumption:Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
Environment
- CO₂ emissions2024
- 26.8 Mt per yeardown 0.6 percent on the previous year0.6% from 2023
- CO₂ per capita
- 19.4 t per personWorld Rank7thof 207
- Share of global CO₂
- 0.07%
- Methane (CH₄)
- 4.7 Mt CO₂-eq
- Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- 0.25 Mt CO₂-eq
- Fluorinated gases
- 1.84 Mt CO₂-eq
- All greenhouse gases
- 33.6 Mt CO₂-eq
Source:- Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- 2024
- 6.3 µg/m³ of PM2.50.1 years of life expectancy lost against the WHO guidelineMost polluted171stof 236
- WHO guideline
- 5 µg/m³
- National standard
- 15 µg/m³
Source:- Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues
- water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage
- widespread pollution of waterways and coastal areas
- illegal dumping
- deforestation
- soil erosion
- fisheries and wildlife depletion
Source:- The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
- International agreements
- 18 of 20 landmark treaties in forceParty to 76 multilateral environmental agreements
Treaty Standing Joined Climate Paris Agreement in force 2018 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in force 1994 Kyoto Protocol in force 2005 Ozone layer Montreal Protocol in force 1989 Vienna Convention (Ozone Layer) in force 1989 Biodiversity Convention on Biological Diversity in force 1996 CITES in force 1984 Convention on Migratory Species (Bonn) in force 2018 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety in force 2003 Nagoya Protocol not a party Land and heritage Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in force 1993 World Heritage Convention in force 2005 UN Convention to Combat Desertification in force 2000 Chemicals and waste Basel Convention in force 1994 Rotterdam Convention (PIC) in force 2010 Stockholm Convention (POPs) in force 2004 Minamata Convention on Mercury not a party Oceans UN Convention on the Law of the Sea in force 1994 High Seas Treaty (BBNJ) in force 2026 MARPOL 73/78 in force 2000 Source:- International Environmental Agreements Database ↗ - Université Laval
- CO₂ emissions:Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- Air pollution:Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues:The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
- International agreements:International Environmental Agreements Database ↗ - Université Laval
Food & Water
- No access to safe drinking water2022
- 4.9% of the population
- Renewable water2022
- 3.8 billion m³ per year
- Per person
- 2,567 m³ per year
- Dependency ratio
- 0% originates outside the country
- Annual water withdrawal
- 0.4 billion m³ per year
- Withdrawn for agriculture
- 4%
- Water stress
- 20% of available freshwater withdrawn
Source:- AQUASTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Undernourishment2022
- 12.8% of the population200,000 people
- Obesity2024
- 30.9% of adults
- Men
- 24.8%
- Women
- 36.8%
Source:- Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- Underweight children2011latest available
- 4.9% of children under five
- No access to safe drinking water, Renewable water:AQUASTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Undernourishment:Food security indicators (FAOSTAT) ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Obesity:Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- Underweight children:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
Energy
- Energy consumption2024
- Per capita
- 438.8 GJ per person
- Share of world total
- 0.10%
- Supply
- Surplusproduces 1.7× what it consumes, 2024
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Electricity2024
- No electricity trade9.5 TWh generated per year
- Generation
- 9.5 TWh per year
- Consumption
- 9.1 TWh per year
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Oil, gas & coal
- Surplusproduces 2.7× what it consumes, 2024Oil reserves2025243 million barrelsWorld Rank53rdof 99
Oil imports and exports count crude oil only.
- Energy consumption, Electricity, Oil, gas & coal:International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Oil, gas & coal:Worldwide Oil and Gas Survey ↗ - Oil & Gas Journal
Defense
- Military expenditure2024
- 0.9% of GDP$234.5 million, 2.7% of government spending
- Military personnel2025
- approximately 5,000Defense Forces
- Military service2025
- Voluntaryno conscription; generally men and women 18–24
- Nuclear weapons2026
- None - no nuclear arsenal
- Military expenditure:SIPRI Military Expenditure Database ↗ - Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
- Military expenditure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Military personnel, Military service:The World Factbook: Trinidad and Tobago - CIA
- Nuclear weapons:Status of World Nuclear Forces ↗ - Federation of American Scientists
