Single territorial collectivity of the French Republic exercising the powers of an overseas department and region under Article 73 of the Constitution. French and European Union law apply, subject to adaptations; it is an outermost region of the European Union.
National Identity
- Official name
- Territorial Collectivity of Martinique
- Official name (in French)
- Collectivité Territoriale de Martinique
Source:- General Code of Local Authorities: Book II: Territorial Collectivity of Martinique (Articles L7211-1 to L72-112-1) ↗ - Légifrance – The Public Service for the Dissemination of Law
- National flag
- National anthem
- La MarseillaiseThe national anthem of France.1:19
- Title (in French)
- La Marseillaise
- Title (in English, translated)
- The Song of Marseille
- Lyrics
1Allons enfants de la Patrie, Le jour de gloire est arrivé! Contre nous de la tyrannie, L’étendard sanglant est levé! L’étendard sanglant est levé! Entendez-vous dans les campagnes Mugir ces féroces soldats? Ils viennent jusque dans nos bras Egorger nos fils et nos compagnes!
ChorusAux armes, citoyens! Formez vos bataillons! Marchons! marchons! Qu’un sang impur Abreuve nos sillons!
2Que veut cette horde d’esclaves, De traîtres, de rois conjurés? Pour qui ces ignobles entraves, Ces fers dès longtemps préparés? Ces fers dès longtemps préparés? Français, pour nous, ah! quel outrage! Quels transports il doit exciter! C’est nous qu’on ose méditer De rendre à l’antique esclavage!
Aux armes, citoyens!3Quoi ! ces cohortes étrangères Feraient la loi dans nos foyers! Quoi ! ces phalanges mercenaires Terrasseraient nos fiers guerriers! Terrasseraient nos fiers guerriers! Grand Dieu ! par des mains enchaînées Nos fronts sous le joug se ploieraient! De vils despotes deviendraient Les maîtres de nos destinées!
Aux armes, citoyens!4Tremblez, tyrans et vous perfides, L’opprobre de tous les partis, Tremblez ! vos projets parricides Vont enfin recevoir leurs prix! Vont enfin recevoir leurs prix! Tout est soldat pour vous combattre, S’ils tombent, nos jeunes héros, La terre en produit de nouveaux, Contre vous tout prêts à se battre!
Aux armes, citoyens!5Français, en guerriers magnanimes, Portez ou retenez vos coups! Epargnez ces tristes victimes, A regret s’armant contre nous. A regret s’armant contre nous. Mais ces despotes sanguinaires, Mais ces complices de Bouillé, Tous ces tigres qui, sans pitié, Déchirent le sein de leur mère!
Aux armes, citoyens!6Amour sacré de la Patrie, Conduis, soutiens nos bras vengeurs! Liberté, Liberté chérie, Combats avec tes défenseurs! Combats avec tes défenseurs! Sous nos drapeaux, que la victoire Accoure à tes mâles accents! Que tes ennemis expirants Voient ton triomphe et notre gloire !
Aux armes, citoyens!7Nous entrerons dans la carrière Quand nos aînés n’y seront plus; Nous y trouverons leur poussière Et la trace de leurs vertus. Et la trace de leurs vertus. Bien moins jaloux de leur survivre Que de partager leur cercueil, Nous aurons le sublime orgueil De les venger ou de les suivre !
Aux armes, citoyens!Source:
- Official name:General Code of Local Authorities: Book II: Territorial Collectivity of Martinique (Articles L7211-1 to L72-112-1) ↗ - Légifrance – The Public Service for the Dissemination of Law
- National anthem:nationalanthems.info ↗
Geography
- Location
- Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago
- Total area
- 1,128 km²
- Land area
- 1,128 km²
- Water area
- 0.00 km²
- Coastline
- 350 km
- Terrain
Mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano - Climate
Subtropical tempered by trade winds; moderately high humidity; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average - Avg. temperature
- 26 °C
- Avg. daily range
- 24.8 to 27.4 °C
- Annual precipitation
- 1,062 mm
Temperature °CMeanDaily rangePrecipitation mmMonthly climate normals Month Avg. high, °C Mean, °C Avg. low, °C Precipitation, mm January 26.1 24.9 23.8 53 February 26.1 24.7 23.6 37 March 26.5 25 23.8 40 April 27.1 25.6 24.4 50 May 27.8 26.3 25.1 67 June 28 26.6 25.4 84 July 28.1 26.6 25.3 112 August 28.3 26.8 25.5 130 September 28.4 27 25.7 140 October 28.1 26.7 25.5 151 November 27.4 26.1 25 131 December 26.7 25.5 24.5 65 Country-wide averages over 1991–2020.
Sources:- The World Factbook: Martinique - CIA
- Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Weather
- Loading
- Land use2023
- Arable10.4%Perm. crops5.5%Pasture13.6%Forest49.5%Other21.0%
- Arable land
- 11,061 hectares (10.4%)
- Permanent crops
- 5,787 hectares (5.5%)
- Permanent meadows & pastures
- 14,375 hectares (13.6%)
- Forest
- 52,518 hectares (49.5%)
- Other land
- 22,259 hectares (21.0%)
Source:
- Location, Coastline, Terrain, Climate:The World Factbook: Martinique - CIA
- Climate:Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Land use:FAOSTAT Land Use domain ↗ - FAO
Demographics
- Population change2026
- −0.80% per year−2,728 people/yearWorld Rank222ndof 237
- Birth rate
- 9.6 per 1,000 population
- Death rate
- 10.9 per 1,000 population
- Net migration rate
- −6.7 per 1,000 population
- 2026
- 50.2 yearsWorld Rank5thof 237
- Age structure2026
- 0-14 years14.5%15-64 years58.1%65 years +27.4%
- Share aged 65 and over
- 27.4%
- Share aged under 18
- 18.0%
- Total dependency ratio
- 72
- Youth dependency ratio
- 25
- Elderly dependency ratio
- 47
- Sex ratio
- 0.83 male / female
MaleAgeFemalePopulation by age group, % of total population Age Male Female 80+ 2.9% 4.5% 70-79 5.3% 6.6% 60-69 7.8% 9.5% 50-59 6.4% 8.5% 40-49 4.1% 5.8% 30-39 3.9% 5.2% 20-29 4.7% 4.6% 10-19 5.6% 5.4% 0-9 4.7% 4.7% - 2026
- 0.05 below the replacement level for Martinique ()1.95 births per womanreplacement 2.00123World Rank113thof 237
- 0.95 daughters per woman0.05 below replacement, long-run each generation smaller than the lastreplacement 1.000.511.5
- 2026
- −1.3 per 1,000 populationfor every 1,000 people, 1.3 more deaths than births a year
- 2026
- −6.7 per 1,000 population
- Urbanization2026
- 96.9% live in cities327,165 urban residents
- Largest communes2023
- Fort-de-France, Le Lamentin, Le Robert, SchœlcherRankCommunePopulation (2023 estimate)1Fort-de-France75,5062Le Lamentin39,4003Le Robert21,5534Schœlcher19,4785Ducos18,1056Saint-Joseph16,2587Le François15,7788Sainte-Marie14,7569Rivière-Salée11,82910Rivière-Pilote11,604Source:
- National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, France (2023 estimate), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Languages
- French (Français)
- Population, Population change, Median age, Age structure, Total fertility rate, Net reproduction rate, Natural change, Net migration rate:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Urbanization:UN World Urbanization Prospects ↗
- Largest cities:National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, France (2023 estimate), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
Government & Administration
- Form of state
- RepublicShared with France: the President of the French Republic is head of state.Part of the French Republic; Martinique is named among the territories governed by Article 73, which covers overseas departments and regions and the single collectivities created under its last paragraph (Arts. 1, 72-3).Sources:
- Constitution du 4 octobre 1958, texte intégral en vigueur ↗, Arts. 1, 72-3
- Loi n° 2011-884 du 27 juillet 2011 relative aux collectivités territoriales de Guyane et de Martinique, Arts. 1, 72-3
- Code général des collectivités territoriales, septième partie, Arts. 1, 72-3
- System of government
- Parent state's system appliesFrance's system applies: a directly elected President appoints the Prime Minister and may dissolve the National Assembly, to which the Government is responsible; locally, the Assemblée de Martinique (territorial assembly) elects an executive council (Arts. 6, 8, 12, 20).Sources:
- Constitution du 4 octobre 1958, texte intégral en vigueur ↗, Arts. 6, 8, 12, 20
- Loi n° 2011-884 du 27 juillet 2011 relative aux collectivités territoriales de Guyane et de Martinique, Arts. 6, 8, 12, 20
- Code général des collectivités territoriales, septième partie, Arts. 6, 8, 12, 20
- Capital
- Fort-de-France75,165 people(2022)
- National holidays
- 14 days in 2026
- ThuJan 1New Year's Day
- FriApr 3Good Friday
- MonApr 6Easter Monday
- FriMay 1Labor Day
- FriMay 8Victory Day
- ThuMay 14Ascension Day
- FriMay 22Abolition of Slavery
- MonMay 25Pentecost Monday
- TueJul 14National Day
- TueJul 21Victor Schoelcher Day
- SatAug 15Assumption Day
- SunNov 1All Saints' Day
- WedNov 11Armistice Day
- FriDec 25Christmas Day
Nationwide public holidays only, excluding regional, bank and government-only days.
- Time
- ASTAtlantic Standard TimeUTC−4
- Currency
- Euro (EUR)
- Entry requirements
- Official visa and entry information
- Calling code
- +596
- Internet TLD
- .mq
- ISO 3166-1 codes
- MQ, MTQ
- Form of state, System of government:Constitution du 4 octobre 1958, texte intégral en vigueur ↗ - Constitutional Council of France
- Form of state, System of government:Loi n° 2011-884 du 27 juillet 2011 relative aux collectivités territoriales de Guyane et de Martinique
- Form of state, System of government:Code général des collectivités territoriales, septième partie
- National holidays:Open World Holidays Framework (vacanza/holidays) ↗
Economy
Cost of Living
- Cost of living index
- Loading
- Monthly costs (excluding rent)
- Loading
- Rent
- Loading
- Buying an apartment
- Loading
Society
- Inbound tourists2022
- Official tourism site556,000 arrivalsWorld Rank99thof 139
- Per resident
- 1.6 arrivals per resident
- Same-day visitors
- 105,000 arrivals
- Visitor spending in the country
- $535 million
- Spending per arrival
- $962
- Share of GDP
- 5.4% tourism direct GDP(2019, latest available)
- Hotel beds
- 7,252
- Average hotel stay
- 8 nights
Overnight arrivals by year2010 to 2022A tourist stays at least one night. Arrivals count trips, not people.
Source:- UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
- Inbound tourists:UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
Crime & Safety
- Travel advisory (US)
- Loading
- Prison population2019
- 230 per 100,000 people
- Persons held
- 827
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Prison population:UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
Health
- Life expectancy2026
- 83.0 years
- Infant mortality2026
- 5.9 per 1,000 live births
- Life expectancy, Infant mortality:UN World Population Prospects ↗
Environment
- CO₂ emissions2024
- 1.08 Mt per yearup 3.5 percent on the previous year3.5% from 2023
- CO₂ per capita
- 2.8 t per personWorld Rank100thof 207
- Share of global CO₂
- < 0.01%
- Methane (CH₄)
- 0.09 Mt CO₂-eq
- Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- 0.03 Mt CO₂-eq
- All greenhouse gases
- 1.2 Mt CO₂-eq
Source:- Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- 2024
- 4.2 µg/m³ of PM2.5Most polluted187thof 236
- WHO guideline
- 5 µg/m³
Source:- Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- CO₂ emissions:Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- Air pollution:Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
Food & Water
Energy
- Electricity2024
- Not reported
- Consumption
- 0.1 TWh per year
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Electricity:International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration