National Identity
- Official name
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Name etymology
antiguo is Spanish for "ancient" or "old;" Christopher COLUMBUS named the island in 1493, after the church of Santa Maria la Antigua (Old Saint Mary's) in Seville, Spain; barbuda is Spanish for "bearded" and may refer to the island's lichen-covered fig trees
Sources:- The Antigua and Barbuda Constitution (Chap. 23, Order 1981) ↗ - Laws Antigua and Barbuda - The Ministry of Legal Affairs Laws Website
- The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
- Coat of arms
- National flag
- National anthem
- 1:01
- Lyrics
- English
1Fair Antigua and Barbuda! We thy sons and daughters stand Strong and firm in peace or danger To safe-guard our Native Land We commit ourselves to building A true nation brave and free; Ever striving, ever seeking, Dwell in love and unity
2Raise the standard! Raise it boldly! Answer now to duty’s call To the service of thy country, Sparing nothing, giving all; Gird your loins and join the battle ‘Gainst fear, hate and poverty, Each endeavouring, all achieving, Live in peace where man is free.
3God of nations, let Thy blessings Fall upon this land of ours; Rain and sunshine ever sending, Fill her fields with crops and flowers; We her children do implore Thee, Give us strength, faith, loyalty, Never failing, all enduring To defend her liberty.
Source: - Citizens
- Antiguans, Barbudans
- Official name:The Antigua and Barbuda Constitution (Chap. 23, Order 1981) ↗ - Laws Antigua and Barbuda - The Ministry of Legal Affairs Laws Website
- Official name, Citizens:The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
- National anthem:nationalanthems.info ↗
Geography
- Location
- Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east-southeast of Puerto Rico
- Total area
- 443 km²
- Land area
- 443 km²
- Water area
- 0.00 km²
- Land borders
- None
- Coastline
- 153 km
- Terrain
Mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands, with some higher volcanic areas - Highest point
- 402 mMount Obama
- Lowest point
- 0 mCaribbean Sea
- Climate
Tropical maritime little seasonal temperature variation - Avg. temperature
- 26.2 °C
- Avg. daily range
- 25.4 to 26.8 °C
- Annual precipitation
- 933 mm
Temperature °CMeanDaily rangePrecipitation mmMonthly climate normals Month Avg. high, °C Mean, °C Avg. low, °C Precipitation, mm January 25.6 25.1 24.4 42 February 25.4 24.8 24.2 31 March 25.4 24.9 24.3 31 April 26 25.4 24.8 44 May 26.8 26.2 25.5 72 June 27.4 26.9 26.1 60 July 27.7 27.1 26.2 87 August 28 27.3 26.5 106 September 28.1 27.4 26.4 135 October 27.8 27.1 26.2 145 November 27.1 26.5 25.7 112 December 26.3 25.7 25 66 Country-wide averages over 1991–2020.
Sources:- The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
- Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Weather
- Loading
- Land use2023
- Arable9.1%Perm. crops2.3%Pasture9.1%Forest18.0%Other61.5%
- Arable land
- 4,000 hectares (9.1%)
- Permanent crops
- 1,000 hectares (2.3%)
- Permanent meadows & pastures
- 4,000 hectares (9.1%)
- Forest
- 7,922 hectares (18.0%)
- Other land
- 27,078 hectares (61.5%)
Source: - Natural hazards2026
- Tropical cyclones8.2Very high#7/191Earthquakes5.1High#70/191Coastal floods4.3Medium#81/191Epidemics3.5Low#141/191River floods0.0Very lowTsunamis0.0Very lowDrought0.0Very low
Scores out of 10, ranks out of 191 countries.
Source:- INFORM Risk Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
- Location, Land borders, Coastline, Terrain, Highest point, Lowest point, Climate:The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
- Climate:Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Land use:FAOSTAT Land Use domain ↗ - FAO
- Natural hazards:INFORM Risk Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
Demographics
- Population change2026
- +0.44% per year+418 people/yearWorld Rank143rdof 237
- Birth rate
- 11.4 per 1,000 population
- Death rate
- 7.2 per 1,000 population
- Net migration rate
- 0.0 per 1,000 population
- 2026
- 36.7 yearsWorld Rank95thof 237
- Age structure2026
- 0-14 years17.2%15-64 years69.9%65 years +12.9%
- Share aged 65 and over
- 12.9%
- Share aged under 18
- 21.4%
- Total dependency ratio
- 43
- Youth dependency ratio
- 25
- Elderly dependency ratio
- 18
- Sex ratio
- 0.91 male / female
MaleAgeFemalePopulation by age group, % of total population Age Male Female 80+ 0.7% 1.5% 70-79 2.4% 3.3% 60-69 4.9% 6.3% 50-59 6.2% 7.4% 40-49 6.6% 7.2% 30-39 7.4% 7.7% 20-29 7.1% 7.0% 10-19 6.5% 6.3% 0-9 5.8% 5.6% - 2026
- 0.53 below the replacement level for Antigua and Barbuda ()1.57 births per womanreplacement 2.10123World Rank155thof 237
- 0.76 daughters per woman0.24 below replacement, long-run each generation smaller than the lastreplacement 1.000.511.5
- 2026
- +4.2 per 1,000 populationfor every 1,000 people, 4.2 more births than deaths a year
- 2026
- 0.0 per 1,000 population
- Urbanization2026
- 24.3% live in cities22,974 urban residents
- Largest settlements2011latest available
- Saint John's, All Saints, Liberta, Potters VillageRankSettlementPopulation (2001 census)1Saint John's22,2192All Saints3,900(2001)3Liberta2,560(2001)4Potters Village2,066(2001)5Bolans1,888(2001)6Swetes1,837(2001)7Seaview Farm1,684(2001)8Parham1,491(2001)9Pigotts1,478(2001)10Clare Hall1,359(2001)Source:
- Statistics Division, Antigua and Barbuda (2001 census), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution
- The island of Antigua is home to approximately 97% of the population; nearly the entire population of Barbuda lives in Codrington.
- Ethnic groups2011
- African descent87.3%Mixed4.7%Hispanic2.7%White1.6%Other2.7%Unspecified0.9%
- Religions2011
- Protestant68.3%Roman Catholic8.2%Other12.2%Unspecified5.5%None5.9%
- Protestant
- 68.3%
- Anglican
- 17.6%
- Seventh Day Adventist
- 12.4%
- Pentecostal
- 12.2%
- Moravian
- 8.3%
- Methodist
- 5.6%
- Wesleyan Holiness
- 4.5%
- Church of God
- 4.1%
- Baptist
- 3.6%
Source:- The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
- Languages
- English
- Population, Population change, Median age, Age structure, Total fertility rate, Net reproduction rate, Natural change, Net migration rate:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Urbanization:UN World Urbanization Prospects ↗
- Largest cities:Statistics Division, Antigua and Barbuda (2001 census), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution, Ethnic groups, Religions:The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
Government & Administration
- Form of state
- Constitutional monarchyThe monarch is head of state and holds executive authority, represented by a Governor-General who is a citizen appointed by the monarch and serving at the monarch's pleasure (ss. 22, 68).
- System of government
- ParliamentaryThe Governor-General appoints as Prime Minister the leader of the House majority; after a no-confidence vote the Prime Minister must resign or advise dissolution within seven days, or the appointment is revoked (ss. 69, 73, 60).
- Territorial organisation
- Unitary
- Official websites
- Capital
- Saint John's23,771 people(2015)
- National holidays
- 13 days in 2026
- ThuJan 1New Year's Day
- FriApr 3Good Friday
- MonApr 6Easter Monday
- MonMay 4Labour Day
- MonMay 25Whit Monday
- MonAug 3Carnival Monday
- TueAug 4Carnival Tuesday
- SunNov 1Independence Day
- MonNov 2Independence Day (observed)
- WedDec 9Sir Vere Cornwall Bird Snr. Day
- FriDec 25Christmas Day
- SatDec 26Boxing Day
- MonDec 28Boxing Day (observed)
Nationwide public holidays only, excluding regional, bank and government-only days.
- Time
- ASTAtlantic Standard TimeUTC−4
- Currency
- East Caribbean Dollar (XCD)
- Calling code
- +1-268
- Internet TLD
- .ag
- ISO 3166-1 codes
- AG, ATG
- Infrastructure
- Passengers carried
- 35,515 by the country's airlines(2022)
- Heliports
- 2
- Aircraft departures
- 1,057 by the country's airlines(2022)
- Air freight
- 0.7 million tonne-km(2022)
- Aircraft registration prefix
- V2
Sources:- The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Form of state, System of government, Territorial organisation:The Antigua and Barbuda Constitution Order 1981 (S.I. 1981 No. 1106), Schedule: The Constitution of Antigua and Barbuda, CAP. 23, Laws of Antigua and Barbuda ↗ - Government of Antigua and Barbuda
- National holidays:Open World Holidays Framework (vacanza/holidays) ↗
- Infrastructure:The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
- Infrastructure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
Economy
- High income
- GDP growth (real)2026
- +2.4% per yearWorld Rank116thof 195
- GDP per capita (PPP)2026
- GDP per capita (nominal)
- $22,504 (58th in the world)
Source:- 2025
- Services68.7% of GDPIndustry18.2% of GDPAgriculture1.5% of GDPManufacturing2.4%part of industryThe shape of the economySource:
- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Inflation2026
- 3.6%up 2.3 percentage points2.3pp from 2025
- Budget balance2026
- 1% of GDP deficit
- Current account
- 12.7% of GDP, $304 million deficit
Source: - Debt2024
- Central government debt67.1% of GDPInterest on debt2.3% of GDP
- Trade2025
- Goods$96 million7.3%
- Services$1.2 billion92.7%
- Total exports
- $1.3 billion
- Change from 2024
- down 1.8 percent on the previous year1.8%
Sources:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
- Agricultural products2024
- Mangoes and guavas and mangosteens, Lemons and limes, Hen eggs in shell (fresh), and 5 more
- 1Mangoes and guavas and mangosteens18.8×
- 2Lemons and limes15.7×
- 3Hen eggs in shell (fresh)5.3×
- 4Squash and gourds (including pumpkins)4.7×
- 5Raw milk of cattle3.2×
- 6Sweet potatoes1.4×
- 7Cucumbers and gherkins1.3×
- 8Yams1.3×
ProductSource:- FAOSTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Industries
- tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol, household appliances)
- Income level, GDP by sector, Trade:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- GDP (nominal), GDP growth (real), GDP per capita (PPP), Inflation, Budget balance:IMF World Economic Outlook ↗
- Debt:IMF Global Debt Database ↗
- Debt:IMF Public Finances in Modern History ↗
- Trade, Industries:The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
- Agricultural products:FAOSTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
Cost of Living
- Average gross salary2023
- EC$2,840 per month$1,052 (USD), $1,320 (PPP)
- Median
- EC$2,500 per month($926)
- Men
- EC$3,010 per month($1,115)
- Women
- EC$2,683 per month($994)
Source:- ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
- 2024
- EC$1,559 per month, gross$577 (USD), $702 (PPP)
- Average gross salary, Minimum wage:ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
Society
- 2023
- 0.851Very highWorld Rank53rdof 193Antigua and BarbudaWorld
Human Development Index by year Year Antigua and Barbuda World 2007 0.827 0.694 2008 0.830 0.698 2009 0.827 0.701 2010 0.828 0.707 2011 0.828 0.713 2012 0.833 0.717 2013 0.835 0.721 2014 0.837 0.726 2015 0.839 0.731 2016 0.842 0.735 2017 0.845 0.739 2018 0.850 0.741 2019 0.851 0.745 2020 0.840 0.742 2021 0.843 0.742 2022 0.848 0.752 2023 0.851 0.756 Source:- Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- Mean years of schooling2023
- 11.6 years
- Expected for a child today
- 15.5 years
Source:- Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- Literacy2001latest available
- 98.9% of adults
- Education expenditure2023
- 3.1% of GDP
- Share of government spending
- 8.7%
Source:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Internet users2022
- 71.9% of the population
- Households with Internet access
- 75.8%
Source:- ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Mobile subscriptions2022
- 186,182
- Fixed telephone lines
- 27,320
- Fixed broadband
- 10.7 subscriptions per 100 people
Counts subscriptions, not people.
Source:- ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Refugees hosted2025
- 0 people
- Asylum seekers
- 5
- Refugees from Antigua and Barbuda abroad
- 74
Source:- Refugee Data Finder ↗ - UN Refugee Agency
- Inbound tourists2024
- Official tourism site330,200 arrivalsup 10% against 201910% above 2019World Rank112thof 139
- Per resident
- 3.5 arrivals per resident
- All visitors
- 371,200 arrivals, overnight and same-day
- $1.1 billion
- Spending per arrival
- $3,196
- Share of GDP
- 11.7% tourism direct GDP(2022)
- $120.1 million
Overnight arrivals by year2010 to 2024A tourist stays at least one night. Arrivals count trips, not people.
Source:- UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites
- 1 site1 cultural
Site Antigua Naval Dockyard (Nelson's Dockyard) Source:- The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
- Human Development Index, Mean years of schooling:Human Development Report ↗ - United Nations Development Programme
- Literacy:UIS Data Browser ↗ - UNESCO Institute for Statistics
- Education expenditure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Internet users, Mobile subscriptions:ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Refugees hosted:Refugee Data Finder ↗ - UN Refugee Agency
- Inbound tourists:UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites:The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
Crime & Safety
- Travel advisory (US)
- Loading
- Active humanitarian crisisAug 2026
- None - no active crisis
- Homicide rate2024
- 12.8 per 100,000 peopleHigh by global standards
- Crime rates
- 7 offence categories
Offence Per 100,000 Count Year Homicide (victims) 12.8 12 2024 Serious assault 15.0 14 2023 Sexual violence 115.7 108 2023 Kidnapping 1.1 1 2023 Burglary 78.6 73 2022 Theft 1,077.1 1,000 2022 Vehicle theft 3.2 3 2022 A low figure can also mean weak recording.
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Prison population2022
- 251 per 100,000 people
- Persons held
- 233
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Active humanitarian crisis:INFORM Severity Index ↗ - European Commission Joint Research Centre
- Homicide rate, Crime rates, Prison population:UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
Health
- Life expectancy2026
- 78.1 years
- Health expenditure2023
- 3.9% of GDP$841 per person
- Physicians2017
- 2.92 per 1,000 population
- Hospital beds2023
- 3.4 per 1,000 population
- Infant mortality2026
- 7.0 per 1,000 live births
- Maternal mortality2023
- 35 per 100,000 live births
- Alcohol consumption2022
- 9.4 litres of pure alcohol per adult per year
- Road traffic deaths2019
- 0 per 100,000 population
- Life expectancy, Infant mortality:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Health expenditure, Physicians, Hospital beds, Road traffic deaths:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Maternal mortality:Maternal mortality estimates ↗ - UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-agency Group
- Alcohol consumption:Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
Environment
- CO₂ emissions2024
- 0.36 Mt per yearup 3.5 percent on the previous year3.5% from 2023
- CO₂ per capita
- 3.2 t per personWorld Rank95thof 207
- Share of global CO₂
- < 0.01%
- Methane (CH₄)
- 0.06 Mt CO₂-eq
- Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- 0.01 Mt CO₂-eq
- Fluorinated gases
- 0 Mt CO₂-eq
- All greenhouse gases
- 0.43 Mt CO₂-eq
Source:- Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- 2024
- 3.1 µg/m³ of PM2.5Most polluted203rdof 236
- WHO guideline
- 5 µg/m³
Source:- Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues
- limited natural freshwater resources
- water management hampered by tree-clearing to increase crop production, causing rapid rainfall runoff
- International agreements
- 19 of 20 landmark treaties in forceParty to 67 multilateral environmental agreements
Treaty Standing Joined Climate Paris Agreement in force 2016 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in force 1994 Kyoto Protocol in force 2005 Ozone layer Montreal Protocol in force 1993 Vienna Convention (Ozone Layer) in force 1993 Biodiversity Convention on Biological Diversity in force 1993 CITES in force 1997 Convention on Migratory Species (Bonn) in force 2007 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety in force 2003 Nagoya Protocol signed 2011, not ratified Land and heritage Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in force 2005 World Heritage Convention in force 1984 UN Convention to Combat Desertification in force 1997 Chemicals and waste Basel Convention in force 1993 Rotterdam Convention (PIC) in force 2010 Stockholm Convention (POPs) in force 2004 Minamata Convention on Mercury in force 2017 Oceans UN Convention on the Law of the Sea in force 1994 High Seas Treaty (BBNJ) in force 2026 MARPOL 73/78 in force 1988 Source:- International Environmental Agreements Database ↗ - Université Laval
- CO₂ emissions:Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- Air pollution:Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues:The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
- International agreements:International Environmental Agreements Database ↗ - Université Laval
Food & Water
- No access to safe drinking water2022
- 2.1% of the population
- Renewable water2022
- 0.1 billion m³ per year
- Per person
- 560 m³ per year
- Dependency ratio
- 0% originates outside the country
- Annual water withdrawal
- 0 billion m³ per year
- Withdrawn for agriculture
- 16%
- Water stress
- 8% of available freshwater withdrawn
Source:- AQUASTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Obesity2024
- 34.6% of adults
- Men
- 24.5%
- Women
- 43.6%
Source:- Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- No access to safe drinking water, Renewable water:AQUASTAT ↗ - Food and Agriculture Organization
- Obesity:Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
Energy
- Energy consumption2024
- Per capita
- 119.7 GJ per person
- Share of world total
- < 0.01%
- Supply
- No meaningful productionproduces under 2% of what it consumes, 2024
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Electricity2024
- No electricity trade0.4 TWh generated per year
- Generation
- 0.4 TWh per year
- Consumption
- 0.3 TWh per year
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Oil, gas & coal
- No domestic productionconsumes 5,019 b/d in 2024Consumption20245,019 b/d
Oil imports and exports count crude oil only.
- Energy consumption, Electricity, Oil, gas & coal:International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
Defense
- Military personnel2025
- approximately 300active Defense Force personnel
- Military service2025
- Voluntaryno conscription; men and women 18–23
- Nuclear weapons2026
- None - no nuclear arsenal
- Military personnel, Military service:The World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda - CIA
- Nuclear weapons:Status of World Nuclear Forces ↗ - Federation of American Scientists
