Turkey (Türkiye) Demographics

Population of Turkey (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Turkey

Turkey Population
87,926,082
see live
Yearly Change
+0.27%
Global Share
1.1%
Global Rank
18

Median Age

The median age in Turkey is 33.9 years (2026).

Fertility in Turkey

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility : the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.62
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Turkey

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
78.4
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
81.3
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
75.5
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Turkey


Infant Mortality
8.0
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
9.5
(per 1,000 live births)


Turkey Urban Population

Currently, 89.6% of the population of Turkey is urban (78,821,332 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Turkey is 114 people per km² (296 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 769,632 km² (297,157 sq. miles).

Largest Cities and Towns in Turkey

The 30 largest of 333 cities and towns, ranked by population estimates for December 31, 2022 (by State Institute of Statistics, Türkiye).

RankCity or TownPopulation
1Istanbul15,244,936
2Ankara5,186,002
3İzmir2,948,160
4Bursa2,051,464
5Adana1,779,463
6Gaziantep1,680,723
7Konya1,365,287
8Antalya1,322,766
9Diyarbakır1,087,786
10Mersinİçel1,040,507
11Kayseri988,578
12Eskişehir789,023
13Gebzeincl. Çayırova, Darıca768,467
14Denizli651,200
15Samsun639,930
16Urfa596,637
17Kahramanmaraş571,266
18AdapazarıSakarya553,316
19Vanincl. Bostaniçi525,016
20Malatya485,484
21Batman461,354
22Erzurum422,636
23Elâzığ387,072
24Manisaincl. Muradiye385,452
25AntakyaHatay368,279
26Sivas365,270
27İzmitKocaeli342,074
28Balıkesir314,958
29Çorlu308,073
30Trabzonincl. Çukurçayır, Pelitli293,661
See all 333 cities and towns in Turkey

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64] ) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.