Taiwan Demographics

Population of Taiwan (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Taiwan

Taiwan Population
23,011,292
see live
Yearly Change
−0.44%
Global Share
0.28%
Global Rank
61

Median Age

The median age in Taiwan is 45.4 years (2026).

Fertility in Taiwan

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility : the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
0.86
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Taiwan

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
81.1
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
84.0
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
78.3
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Taiwan


Infant Mortality
2.9
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
4.1
(per 1,000 live births)


Taiwan Urban Population

Currently, 78.9% of the population of Taiwan is urban (18,166,986 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Taiwan is 713 people per km² (1,847 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 32,260 km² (12,456 sq. miles).

Largest Cities and Urban Townships in Taiwan

The 30 largest of 61 cities and urban townships, ranked by population at the census of November 8, 2020 (by Ministry of the Interior, Taiwan and National Statistics, Taiwan).

RankCity or Urban TownshipPopulation
1New Taipei City4,365,947
2Taichung3,033,840
3Kaohsiung2,734,275
4Taipei2,594,581
5Taoyuan2,441,064
6Tainan1,875,076
7Hsinchu499,468
8Keelung367,264
9Chiayi252,028
10Zhubei223,017
11Changhua220,172
12Pingtung205,388
13Douliu115,083
14Yuanlin113,411
15Taitung106,840
16Toufen106,523
17Zhudong106,287
18Nantou101,761
19Zhunan98,406
20Yilan96,098
21Hemei93,165
22Caotun92,795
23Lukang90,069
24Miaoli89,446
25Hualien88,212
26Huwei77,513
27Puli70,501
28Luodong60,846
29Chaozhou55,109
30Magong54,952
See all 61 cities and urban townships in Taiwan

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64] ) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.