Finland Demographics

Population of Finland (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Finland

Finland Population
5,621,739
see live
Yearly Change
−0.03%
Global Share
0.07%
Global Rank
122

Median Age

The median age in Finland is 43.4 years (2026).

Fertility in Finland

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility : the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.30
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Finland

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
82.4
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
85.0
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
79.8
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Finland


Infant Mortality
1.6
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
2.1
(per 1,000 live births)


Finland Urban Population

Currently, 74.8% of the population of Finland is urban (4,204,166 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Finland is 19 people per km² (48 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 303,815 km² (117,304 sq. miles), including Åland Islands.

Largest Cities and Municipalities in Finland

The 30 largest of 64 cities and municipalities, ranked by population estimates for December 31, 2025 (by Statistics Finland).

RankCity or MunicipalityPopulation
1Helsinki694,392
2Espoo325,716
3Tampere263,337
4Vantaa252,956
5Oulu217,469
6Turku209,633
7Jyväskylä149,895
8Kuopio126,572
9Lahti121,832
10Pori83,010
11Joensuu79,129
12Kouvola77,625
13Lappeenranta73,241
14Vaasa71,209
15Hämeenlinna68,614
16Seinäjoki67,283
17Rovaniemi66,191
18Porvoo51,863
19Mikkeli51,551
20Salo50,339
21Kotka50,029
22Kokkola48,338
23Hyvinkää47,015
24Järvenpää46,944
25Lohja45,435
26Nurmijärvi45,333
27Tuusula42,479
28Kirkkonummi41,725
29Rauma38,773
30Kerava38,767
See all 64 cities and municipalities in Finland

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64] ) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.