Burundi Demographics

Population of Burundi (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Burundi

Burundi Population
14,729,157
see live
Yearly Change
+2.36%
Global Share
0.18%
Global Rank
78

Median Age

The median age in Burundi is 16.6 years (2026).

Fertility in Burundi

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility : the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
4.57
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Burundi

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
64.1
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
66.2
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
62.0
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Burundi


Infant Mortality
33.9
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
46.8
(per 1,000 live births)


Burundi Urban Population

Currently, 26.5% of the population of Burundi is urban (3,904,568 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Burundi is 574 people per km² (1,486 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 25,680 km² (9,915 sq. miles).

Largest Cities and Urban Localities in Burundi

All 26 cities and urban localities, ranked by population at the census of August 16, 2008 (by Government of Burundi).

RankCity or Urban LocalityPopulation
1Bujumbura497,166
2Gitega41,944
3Ngozi39,884
4Rumonge35,931
5Cibitoke23,885
6Kayanza21,767
7Bubanza20,031
8Gatumba11,700
9Karuzi10,317
10Kirundo10,024
11Muyinga9,609
12Makamba9,396
13Ruyigi7,139
14Rutana5,865
15Muramvya5,458
16Isale4,977
17Bururi4,478
18Kanyosha4,272
19Bwambarangwe4,044
20Cankuzo3,624
21Kayogoro3,538
22Mabanda3,249
23Mwaro2,403
24Giteranyi2,146
25Mugongomanga2,086
26Matana2,054
See all 26 cities and urban localities in Burundi

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64] ) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.