Sudan Demographics

Population of Sudan (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Sudan

Sudan Population
53,282,719
see live
Yearly Change
+3.14%
Global Share
0.64%
Global Rank
29

Median Age

The median age in Sudan is 18.8 years (2026).

Fertility in Sudan

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility : the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
4.13
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Sudan

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
66.9
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
70.2
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
63.8
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Sudan


Infant Mortality
36.0
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
51.0
(per 1,000 live births)


Sudan Urban Population

Currently, 35.0% of the population of Sudan is urban (18,648,426 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Sudan is 31 people per km² (80 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 1,731,671 km² (668,602 sq. miles).

Largest Cities and Towns in Sudan

The 30 largest of 63 cities and towns, ranked by population at the census of April 22, 2008 (by Central Bureau of Statistics, Sudan).

RankCity or TownPopulation
1Omdurman1,849,659
2Khartoum1,410,858
3Khartoum North1,012,211
4Nyala492,984
5Port Sudan394,561
6El Obeid345,126
7Kassala298,529
8Wad Madani289,482
9Gedaref269,395
10El Fasher217,827
11Kosti213,080
12El Duein137,103
13Ad-Damazin136,788
14Geneina134,264
15Rabak123,890
16Sennar123,158
17Atbara112,021
18Al Managil99,775
19Ad-Damir73,654
20Ed Dueim73,622
21Kaduqli67,095
22El Nahud66,184
23Buram65,473
24Shendi63,746
25New Halfa63,589
26Dalang59,089
27Er Roseires58,712
28Umm Ruwabah56,833
29Dongola56,167
30Singa56,058
See all 63 cities and towns in Sudan

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64] ) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.