Peru Demographics

Population of Peru (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Peru

Peru Population
34,922,148
see live
Yearly Change
+1.00%
Global Share
0.42%
Global Rank
48

Median Age

The median age in Peru is 30.5 years (2026).

Fertility in Peru

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility : the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.93
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Peru

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
78.3
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
80.6
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
76.0
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Peru


Infant Mortality
9.6
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
12.1
(per 1,000 live births)


Peru Urban Population

Currently, 86.0% of the population of Peru is urban (30,031,477 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Peru is 27 people per km² (71 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 1,279,996 km² (494,209 sq. miles).

Largest Cities in Peru

The 30 largest of 188 cities, ranked by unofficial population estimates for June 30, 2022 (by National Institute of Statistics and Informatics, Peru).

RankCityPopulation
1Lima11,166,200
2Arequipa1,125,400
3Trujillo1,025,100
4Chiclayoincl. Lambayeque, Pomalca663,200
5Piura547,100
6Cusco492,400
7Huancayo450,900
8Iquitos430,700
9Pucallpa396,400
10Chimbote395,100
11Tacna334,000
12Ica325,700
13Juliaca316,900
14Ayacucho240,100
15Cajamarca227,600
16Huánuco221,300
17Chincha Alta219,700
18Sullana208,100
19Huachoincl. Hualmay, Huaura, Santa Maria172,700
20Tarapoto169,800
21Puno136,800
22Huaraz133,200
23Tumbes110,600
24Puerto Maldonado100,300
25Talarain: Pariñas district99,600
26Paita98,900
27Pisco89,700
28Huaral87,700
29Jaén82,600
30Abancay82,100
See all 188 cities in Peru

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64] ) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.