Latvia Demographics

Population of Latvia (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Latvia

Latvia Population
1,835,935
see live
Yearly Change
−0.95%
Global Share
0.02%
Global Rank
151

Median Age

The median age in Latvia is 43.8 years (2026).

Fertility in Latvia

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility : the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.35
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Latvia

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
76.6
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
80.9
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
72.1
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Latvia


Infant Mortality
2.6
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
3.2
(per 1,000 live births)


Latvia Urban Population

Currently, 68.8% of the population of Latvia is urban (1,263,198 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Latvia is 29 people per km² (76 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 62,249 km² (24,034 sq. miles).

Largest Cities and Towns in Latvia

The 30 largest of 81 cities and towns, ranked by population estimates for January 1, 2025 (by Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia).

RankCity or TownPopulation
1Rīga591,882
2Daugavpils78,112
3Liepāja67,398
4Jelgava54,821
5Jūrmala51,933
6Ventspils32,719
7Rēzekne26,425
8Valmiera22,811
9Ogre22,753
10Jēkabpils21,014
11Salaspils17,863
12Mārupe16,790
13Tukums16,180
14Cēsis15,020
15Sigulda14,757
16Kuldīga9,863
17Bauska9,701
18Saldus9,686
19Olaine9,648
20Talsi8,673
21Dobele8,536
22Ādaži7,580
23Ikšķile7,448
24Ludza7,162
25Krāslava6,797
26Līvāni6,757
27Baloži6,739
28Gulbene6,722
29Aizkraukle6,689
30Madona6,575
See all 81 cities and towns in Latvia

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64] ) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.