Kazakhstan Demographics

Population of Kazakhstan (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan Population
21,083,626
see live
Yearly Change
+1.15%
Global Share
0.25%
Global Rank
65

Median Age

The median age in Kazakhstan is 29.7 years (2026).

Fertility in Kazakhstan

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility : the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
2.92
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Kazakhstan

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
74.8
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
78.8
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
70.6
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Kazakhstan


Infant Mortality
6.3
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
7.5
(per 1,000 live births)


Kazakhstan Urban Population

Currently, 62.7% of the population of Kazakhstan is urban (13,218,280 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Kazakhstan is 8 people per km² (20 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 2,699,700 km² (1,042,360 sq. miles).

Largest Cities and Settlements in Kazakhstan

The 30 largest of 109 cities and settlements, ranked by population estimates for January 1, 2026 (by Agency of Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan).

RankCity or SettlementPopulation
1Almaty2,348,103
2Astana1,639,176
3Shymkent1,294,050
4Aktobe598,683
5Karaganda533,344
6Taraz487,499
7Oskemen360,689
8Pavlodar336,073
9Atyray328,616
10Semey315,314
11Aktau298,716
12Kyzylorda287,661
13Kostanay277,064
14Oral259,361
15Turkistan245,606
16Petropavl222,113
17Kokshetau183,218
18Taldykorgan171,882
19Temirtay170,244
20Ekibastuz127,027
21Rudniy111,861
22Jezkazgan89,211
23Kaskelen89,032
24Zhanaozen76,430
25Kentay73,876
26Balkhash72,796
27Zachagansk67,974
28Satpayev67,846
29Talgar65,930
30Qosshy65,084
See all 109 cities and settlements in Kazakhstan

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64] ) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.