France Demographics

Population of France (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of France

France Population
66,746,401
see live
Yearly Change
+0.14%
Global Share
0.80%
Global Rank
23

Median Age

The median age in France is 42.5 years (2026).

Fertility in France

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility : the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.64
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in France

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
83.7
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
86.4
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
80.9
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in France


Infant Mortality
3.0
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
3.6
(per 1,000 live births)


France Urban Population

Currently, 78.9% of the population of France is urban (52,670,382 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in France is 121 people per km² (314 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 549,970 km² (212,345 sq. miles).

Largest Cities in France

The 30 largest of 40 cities, ranked by population estimates for January 1, 2023 (by National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, France).

RankCityPopulation
1Paris2,103,778
2Marseille886,040
3Lyon519,127
4Toulouse514,819
5Nice357,737
6Nantes327,734
7Montpellier310,240
8Strasbourg293,771
9Bordeaux267,991
10Lille238,246
11Rennes230,890
12Toulon179,116
13Reims177,674
14Saint-Étienne173,136
15Le Havre166,687
16Villeurbanne163,684
17Dijon161,830
18Angers159,022
19Grenoble156,140
20Nîmes151,839
21Aix-en-Provence149,695
22Saint-Denisincl. Pierrefitte-sur-Seine149,077
23Clermont-Ferrand146,351
24Le Mans146,249
25Brest142,346
26Tours139,259
27Amiens136,449
28Annecy132,117
29Limoges129,937
30Metz122,572
See all 40 cities in France

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64] ) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.