Czech Republic (Czechia) Demographics

Population of Czechia (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Czechia

Czechia Population
10,527,780
see live
Yearly Change
−0.77%
Global Share
0.13%
Global Rank
92

Median Age

The median age in Czechia is 44.3 years (2026).

Fertility in Czechia

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility : the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.47
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Czechia

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
80.3
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
83.0
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
77.5
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Czechia


Infant Mortality
2.0
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
2.5
(per 1,000 live births)


Czech Republic (Czechia) Urban Population

Currently, 73.0% of the population of Czechia is urban (7,682,858 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Czechia is 136 people per km² (353 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 77,247 km² (29,825 sq. miles).

Largest Cities and Towns in Czechia

The 30 largest of 70 cities and towns, ranked by population estimates for December 31, 2024 (by Czech Statistical Office).

RankCity or TownPopulation
1Prague1,397,880
2Brno402,739
3Ostrava283,187
4Plzeň187,928
5Liberec108,090
6Olomouc103,063
7České Budějovice97,231
8Hradec Králové94,311
9Pardubice92,319
10Ústí nad Labem90,866
11Zlín74,684
12Kladno69,664
13Havířov68,674
14Most63,474
15Opava55,109
16Jihlava54,624
17Frýdek-Místek53,590
18Teplice50,912
19Karlovy Vary49,073
20Karviná48,937
21Mladá Boleslav47,346
22Chomutov46,771
23Děčín46,376
24Jablonec nad Nisou46,209
25Prostějov43,408
26Přerov40,906
27Česká Lípa36,815
28Třebíč34,530
29Tábor34,356
30Znojmo34,172
See all 70 cities and towns in Czechia

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64] ) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.