Brazil Demographics

Population of Brazil (2026)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Brazil

Brazil Population
213,562,666
see live
Yearly Change
+0.35%
Global Share
2.6%
Global Rank
7

Median Age

The median age in Brazil is 35.2 years (2026).

Fertility in Brazil

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility : the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline


Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
1.59
(Live Births per Woman, 2026)

Life Expectancy in Brazil

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
76.4
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
79.5
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
73.3
(life expectancy at birth, males)


Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Brazil


Infant Mortality
11.2
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
12.9
(per 1,000 live births)


Brazil Urban Population

Currently, 88.5% of the population of Brazil is urban (188,920,662 people in 2026)


Population Density

The 2026 population density in Brazil is 26 people per km² (66 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 8,358,140 km² (3,227,096 sq. miles).

Largest Cities in Brazil

The 30 largest of 310 cities, ranked by unofficial population estimates for July 1, 2025 (by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics).

RankCityPopulation
1São Paulo11,887,070
2Rio de Janeiro6,730,660
3Brasília2,891,270
4Fortaleza2,578,480
5Salvador2,564,200
6Belo Horizonte2,415,870
7Manaus2,281,390
8Curitiba1,830,800
9Recife1,588,380
10Goiânia1,500,980
11Belém1,390,060
12Porto Alegre1,386,280
13Guarulhos1,348,450
14Campinas1,181,600
15São Luís1,080,990
16Maceió994,620
17São Gonçalo959,920
18Campo Grande947,950
19João Pessoa897,050
20Duque de Caxias864,130
21Teresina858,710
22Nova Iguaçu839,730
23São Bernardo do Campo837,250
24Natal784,250
25Santo André779,370
26Osasco759,520
27Sorocaba756,660
28Uberlândia749,560
29Ribeirão Preto728,910
30São José dos Campos716,360
See all 310 cities in Brazil

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigeria Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

Population pyramid stages

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio

Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio

Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.

Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio

Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.

Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64] ) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.