British Overseas Territory
Territory under British sovereignty that does not form part of the United Kingdom. It has its own constitution and government; the United Kingdom is responsible for defense and external relations.
Listed by the United Nations as a Non-Self-Governing Territory.
National Identity
- Official name
- Bermuda
- Name etymology
named after Juan de BERMUDEZ, an early 16th-century Spanish sea captain and the first European explorer of the archipelago
Sources:- United Kingdom Statutory Instrumen SI 1968 No. 182 - The Constitution of Bermuda - Bermuda Constitution Order 1968 ↗ - Government of Bermuda
- The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
- Coat of arms
- National flag
- National anthem
- God Save the KingThe national anthem of the United Kingdom.1:03
- Title
- God Save the King
- Lyrics
- English
1God save our gracious King, Long live our noble King, God save the King: Send him victorious, Happy and glorious, Long to reign over us: God save the King.
2O Lord, our God, arise, Scatter his enemies, And make them fall. Confound their politics, Frustrate their knavish tricks, On Thee our hopes we fix, God save us all.
3Thy choicest gifts in store, On him be pleased to pour; Long may he reign: May he defend our laws, And ever give us cause With heart and voice to sing God save the King
Source: - Citizens
- Bermudians
- Official name:United Kingdom Statutory Instrumen SI 1968 No. 182 - The Constitution of Bermuda - Bermuda Constitution Order 1968 ↗ - Government of Bermuda
- Official name, Citizens:The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
- National anthem:nationalanthems.info ↗
Geography
- Location
- North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of South Carolina (US)
- Total area
- 54 km²
- Land area
- 54 km²
- Water area
- 0.00 km²
- Land borders
- None
- Coastline
- 103 km
- Terrain
Low hills separated by fertile depressions - Highest point
- 79 mTown Hill
- Lowest point
- 0 mAtlantic Ocean
- Climate
Subtropical mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter - Avg. temperature
- 21.9 °C
- Avg. daily range
- 21 to 22.7 °C
- Annual precipitation
- 1,389 mm
Temperature °CMeanDaily rangePrecipitation mmMonthly climate normals Month Avg. high, °C Mean, °C Avg. low, °C Precipitation, mm January 19.6 18.5 17.4 116 February 19.2 18 16.9 109 March 18.9 17.8 16.9 117 April 19.8 19 18.2 86 May 21.7 21.1 20.5 92 June 24.5 23.9 23.3 118 July 26.7 26 25.3 116 August 27.2 26.5 25.7 134 September 26.6 25.9 25.2 147 October 24.8 24 23.3 147 November 22.5 21.6 20.8 102 December 20.8 19.8 18.9 106 Country-wide averages over 1991–2020.
Sources:- The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
- Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Weather
- Loading
- Land use2023
- Arable5.6%Forest14.4%Other80.0%
- Arable land
- 300 hectares (5.6%)
- Forest
- 780 hectares (14.4%)
- Other land
- 4,320 hectares (80.0%)
Source:
- Location, Land borders, Coastline, Terrain, Highest point, Lowest point, Climate:The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
- Climate:Climate Change Knowledge Portal (ERA5 reanalysis) ↗ - World Bank
- Land use:FAOSTAT Land Use domain ↗ - FAO
Demographics
- Population change2026
- −0.15% per year−95 people/yearWorld Rank187thof 237
- Birth rate
- 7.8 per 1,000 population
- Death rate
- 9.3 per 1,000 population
- Net migration rate
- −0.1 per 1,000 population
- 2026
- 46.4 yearsWorld Rank13thof 237
- Age structure2026
- 0-14 years13.1%15-64 years63.4%65 years +23.5%
- Share aged 65 and over
- 23.5%
- Share aged under 18
- 16.3%
- Total dependency ratio
- 58
- Youth dependency ratio
- 21
- Elderly dependency ratio
- 37
- Sex ratio
- 0.95 male / female
MaleAgeFemalePopulation by age group, % of total population Age Male Female 80+ 2.0% 3.7% 70-79 4.6% 5.8% 60-69 7.5% 8.0% 50-59 7.8% 7.1% 40-49 7.0% 7.0% 30-39 5.3% 5.5% 20-29 5.3% 5.2% 10-19 5.2% 4.8% 0-9 4.3% 4.1% - 2026
- 0.68 below the replacement level for Bermuda ()1.42 births per womanreplacement 2.10123World Rank192ndof 237
- 0.69 daughters per woman0.31 below replacement, long-run each generation smaller than the lastreplacement 1.000.511.5
- 2026
- −1.6 per 1,000 populationfor every 1,000 people, 1.6 more deaths than births a year
- 2026
- −0.1 per 1,000 population
- Urbanization2026
- 100.0% live in cities64,459 urban residents
- Largest municipalities2016latest available
- St. George, HamiltonRankMunicipalityPopulation (2016 census)1St. George1,5272Hamilton854Source:
- Department of Statistics, Bermuda (2016 census), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution
- Relatively even population distribution throughout.
- Ethnic groups2010
- African descent52.0%White31.0%Mixed9.0%Asian4.0%Other4.0%
- Religions2010
- Protestant46.2%Roman Catholic14.5%Jehovah's Witness1.3%Other Christian9.1%Muslim1.0%Other3.9%None17.8%Unspecified6.2%
- Protestant
- 46.2%
- Anglican
- 15.8%
- African Methodist Episcopal
- 8.6%
- Seventh Day Adventist
- 6.7%
- Pentecostal
- 3.5%
- Methodist
- 2.7%
- Presbyterian
- 2.0%
- Church of God
- 1.6%
- Baptist
- 1.2%
- Salvation Army
- 1.1%
- Brethren
- 1.0%
- Other Protestant
- 2.0%
Source:- The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
- Languages
- English
- Population, Population change, Median age, Age structure, Total fertility rate, Net reproduction rate, Natural change, Net migration rate:UN World Population Prospects ↗
- Urbanization:UN World Urbanization Prospects ↗
- Largest cities:Department of Statistics, Bermuda (2016 census), via City Population by Thomas Brinkhoff ↗
- Population distribution, Ethnic groups, Religions:The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
Government & Administration
- Form of state
- Constitutional monarchyShared with the United Kingdom: the British monarch is head of state.A territory constituted by an Order made by the Sovereign in Council under a United Kingdom Act; executive authority is vested in the Sovereign and exercised by a Governor and Commander-in-Chief appointed at the Sovereign's pleasure (ss. 17, 56).
- System of government
- ParliamentaryThe Governor appoints as Premier the House of Assembly member best able to command its confidence; the Cabinet is collectively responsible to the Legislature, and the Governor may refuse a dissolution the Premier advises (ss. 49, 57, 58, 59).Source:
- Official websites
- Capital
- Hamilton854 people(2016)
- National holidays
- 11 days in 2026
- ThuJan 1New Year's Day
- FriApr 3Good Friday
- FriMay 22Bermuda Day
- MonJun 15National Heroes Day
- ThuJul 30Emancipation Day
- FriJul 31Mary Prince Day
- MonSep 7Labor Day
- WedNov 11Remembrance Day
- FriDec 25Christmas Day
- SatDec 26Boxing Day
- MonDec 28Boxing Day (observed)
Nationwide public holidays only, excluding regional, bank and government-only days.
- Time
- Currency
- Bermudan Dollar (BMD)
- Entry requirements
- Official visa and entry information
- Calling code
- +1-441
- Internet TLD
- .bm
- ISO 3166-1 codes
- BM, BMU
- Infrastructure
- Aircraft registration prefix
- VP-B
Source:- The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
- Form of state, System of government:Bermuda Constitution Order 1968 (BX 182/1968), Schedule 2: Constitution of Bermuda, consolidated text ↗ - Government of Bermuda
- National holidays:Open World Holidays Framework (vacanza/holidays) ↗
- Infrastructure:The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
- Infrastructure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
Economy
- High income
- 2024
- Services91.3% of GDPIndustry4.9% of GDPAgriculture0.2% of GDPManufacturing0.3%part of industry
- Households
- +44.3%
- Government
- +10.7%
- Investment
- +11%
- Exports
- +55.1%
- Imports
- −25.1%
The shape of the economyGDP by end useThe five add up to 96.1% of GDP, not 100. The gap is in the source data.
Source:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Trade2023
- Goods$11.7 million0.7%
- Services$1.6 billion99.3%
- Total exports
- $1.6 billion
- Change from 2022
- up 12.2 percent on the previous year12.2%
Sources:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
- Industries
- international business, tourism, light manufacturing
- Income level, GDP by sector, Trade:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Trade, Industries:The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
Cost of Living
- Cost of living index
- Loading
- Monthly costs (excluding rent)
- Loading
- Rent
- Loading
- Buying an apartment
- Loading
- Average gross salary2013latest available
- BMD 6,221 per month$6,221 (USD), $3,539 (PPP)
- Men
- BMD 6,330 per month($6,330)
- Women
- BMD 6,092 per month($6,092)
Source:- ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
- Average gross salary:ILOSTAT ↗ - International Labour Organization
Society
- Education expenditure2017
- 1.3% of GDP
- Share of government spending
- 7.8%
Source:- World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Internet users2017latest available
- 98.4% of the population
- Households with Internet access
- 95%
Source:- ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Mobile subscriptions2017latest available
- 64,997
- Fixed telephone lines
- 21,883
- Fixed broadband
- 35.9 subscriptions per 100 people
Counts subscriptions, not people.
Source:- ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Inbound tourists2022
- Official tourism site145,900 arrivalsdown 46% against 201946% below 2019World Rank119thof 139
- Per resident
- 2.3 arrivals per resident
- Same-day visitors
- 402,700 arrivals
- $526.8 million(2023)
- 2.2% tourism direct GDP(2021, latest available)
- $358 million(2023)
- Hotel beds
- 5,826
- Average hotel stay
- 5.1 nights
Overnight arrivals by year2010 to 2022A tourist stays at least one night. Arrivals count trips, not people.
Source:- UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites
- 1 site1 cultural
Site Historic Town of St. George and Related Fortifications Source:- The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
- Education expenditure:World Development Indicators ↗ - World Bank
- Internet users, Mobile subscriptions:ITU DataHub ↗ - International Telecommunication Union
- Inbound tourists:UN Tourism Data Dashboard ↗ - UN Tourism
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites:The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
Crime & Safety
- Travel advisory (US)
- Loading
- Homicide rate2023
- 6.2 per 100,000 peopleMedium by global standards
- Crime rates
- 7 offence categories
Offence Per 100,000 Count Year Homicide (victims) 6.2 4 2023 Serious assault 58.2 37 2017 Sexual violence 144.7 92 2017 Kidnapping 0.0 0 2017 Burglary 1,180.5 749 2016 Theft 2,130.9 1,352 2016 Vehicle theft 1,213.6 770 2016 A low figure can also mean weak recording.
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Prison population2021
- 191.8 per 100,000 people
- Persons held
- 124
Source:- UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Homicide rate, Crime rates, Prison population:UNODC Data Portal ↗ - UN Office on Drugs and Crime
Health
- Life expectancy2026
- 82.8 years
- Infant mortality2026
- 1.8 per 1,000 live births
- Life expectancy, Infant mortality:UN World Population Prospects ↗
Environment
- CO₂ emissions2024
- 0.27 Mt per yearup 3.5 percent on the previous year3.5% from 2023
- CO₂ per capita
- 4.5 t per personWorld Rank65thof 207
- Share of global CO₂
- < 0.01%
- Methane (CH₄)
- 0.03 Mt CO₂-eq
- Nitrous oxide (N₂O)
- 0.01 Mt CO₂-eq
- All greenhouse gases
- 0.31 Mt CO₂-eq
Source:- Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- 2024
- 2.8 µg/m³ of PM2.5Most polluted210thof 236
- WHO guideline
- 5 µg/m³
Source:- Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues
- air pollution from vehicle emissions
- scarce water resources
- solid waste disposal
- hazardous waste disposal
- sewage disposal
- overfishing
- oil spills
Source:- The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
- CO₂ emissions:Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) ↗ - European Commission, Joint Research Centre
- Air pollution:Air Quality Life Index ↗ - Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago
- Environmental issues:The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
Food & Water
- Obesity2024
- 34.1% of adults
- Men
- 24.6%
- Women
- 43.5%
Source:- Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
- Obesity:Global Health Observatory ↗ - World Health Organization
Energy
- Energy consumption2024
- Per capita
- 134.3 GJ per person
- Share of world total
- < 0.01%
- Supply
- No meaningful productionproduces under 2% of what it consumes, 2024
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Electricity2024
- No electricity trade0.6 TWh generated per year
- Generation
- 0.6 TWh per year
- Consumption
- 0.4 TWh per year
Source:- International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
- Oil, gas & coal
- No domestic productionconsumes 3,771 b/d in 2024Consumption20243,771 b/d
Oil imports and exports count crude oil only.
- Energy consumption, Electricity, Oil, gas & coal:International Energy Statistics ↗ - U.S. Energy Information Administration
Defense
- Military personnel2025
- about 350Royal Bermuda Regiment
- Military service2025
- Voluntarymen and women 18–45 who are Commonwealth citizens, Bermuda Regiment; minimum three years and two months from the date of enlistment
After completing their initial service, soldiers in the Regiment can choose to extend their service.
Source:- The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA
- Military personnel, Military service:The World Factbook: Bermuda - CIA